We conducted a multi-stage household cluster survey to calculate hepatitis B vaccine coverage among children 18-30 months of age in 27 Brazilian cities. Hepatitis B vaccine is administered at birth, 1 month and 6 months of age by Brazil's national immunization program. Among 17,749 children surveyed, 40.2% received a birth dose within one day of birth, 94.8% received at least one dose of hepati...

PURPOSE To evaluate the completeness of identification of pregnant women testing positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and birth dose hepatitis B vaccine administration, and the extent of appropriate prophylaxis of infants born to women with and without maternal HBsAg status documented in the infant medical record. METHODS We conducted medical record reviews of 3058 maternal and in...

background: 1.3% of people in iran are positive for anti-hbc antibody.the objective of this study is to determine the rate of seroconversion in those with persistent isolated anti-hbc after vaccination. materials and methods: in a quasi-experimental study, 94 persons with isolated anti-hbc antibody who were referred to tehran blood transfusion organization between 2002 and 2004 were selected th...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of introducing hepatitis B vaccine into routine infant immunization services in Mozambique, which took place in the year 2001. METHODS A decision analytic model was used to estimate the impact of hepatitis B vaccination. This model was developed for the WHO to estimate the global burden of disease from hepatitis B. Cost data of vaccine delivery and...

background influenza can causes morbidity and mortality that are greatly enhanced in patients with underlying chronic diseases such as cirrhotic patients. this study was performed to assess the immunogenicity of influenza vaccination in patients with cirrhosis and inactive carriers of hepatitis b virus infection. methods in this clinical study 93 enrolled subjects divided into 3 groups: cirrhot...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. The recognition of the problem led to a worldwide effort to reduce transmission of HBV through routine infant vaccination. HBV infection is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea. After hepatitis B vaccine era, seroprevalence of hepatits B surface antigen is...

OBJECTIVES To explore practices and attitudes of pediatricians toward administration of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine to infants, and to identify factors influencing the decision of pediatricians to initiate immunization at birth versus at 1 to 2 months of age. METHODS A random sample of 600 pediatricians obtained from the American Academy of Pediatrics membership database was surveye...

An estimated 800,000 1.4 million persons in the US have chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. The risk for chronic infection is greatest among young children; approximately 90% of infants will remain chronically infected with HBV. Approximately 25% of those who become chronically infected during childhood die prematurely from cirrhosis or liver cancer. Hepatitis B vaccination is the most e...

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes acute and chronic human hepatitis infections. Due to the high genetic diversity and high rates of mutations in the genetic material so far there is no approved vaccine against HCV. Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to determination B and T cell conserved epitopes of E1 and E2 proteins from HCV and construction of a chimeric pepti...