The Big Carrot: High Stake Incentives Revisited This paper provides an empirical demonstration of high stakes incentives in relation to religious practice. It shows that, when both positive (carrot) and negative (stick) incentives are available, the former are more effective than the latter. Specifically, it is shown that beliefs in heaven are much more relevant than beliefs in hell when estima...

In an EFL setting like Taiwan, it is often difficult to provide individual oral language training due to limited human resources. Recently, several innovative commercial CALL programs (e.g., TeLLmeMore and MyET) claim that they can provide high-quality pronunciation training with their automatic speech recognition technologies. Although these programs can provide scores and feedback to individu...

Abstract The stake test is widely used to evaluate the efficacy of wood preservatives. This monitors deterioration level observed in treated stakes partially inserted into ground. results are conventionally expressed as relationship between levels and exposure periods. preservative compared among groups with different retention based on results; however, there no scientific basis for comparison...

The authors investigated whether accuracy in identifying deception from demeanor in high-stake lies is specific to those lies or generalizes to other high-stake lies. In Experiment 1, 48 observers judged whether 2 different groups of men were telling lies about a mock theft (crime scenario) or about their opinion (opinion scenario). The authors found that observers' accuracy in judging deceptio...

Abstract The conventional stake test is widely used to evaluate wood durability. monitors the deterioration level observed on stakes partially inserted into ground. results are conventionally expressed as relationship between mean and exposure periods. Durability compared groups based results; however, there no scientific basis for comparison. To include a test, we applied survival analysis it....

A fundamental combinatorial notion related to the dynamics of the Ouroboros proof-of-stake blockchain protocol is that of a forkable string. The original analysis of the protocol [2] established that the probability that a string of length n is forkable, when drawn from a binomial distribution with parameter (1 − )/2, is exp(−Ω(√n)). In this note we provide an improved estimate of exp(−Ω(n)). D...