Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of sexually transmitted infection worldwide. This virus generally causes benign lesions, such as genital warts, but persistent infection may lead to cervical cancer, anal cancer, vaginal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer, although less frequently. Cervical cancer is a severe disease with a high mortality in some countries. Screening ...

UNLABELLED Pap testing is considered to be the best screening tool for cervical cancer but there is currently great interest in the possible application of human papilloma virus (HPV) testing to supplement Pap screening for cervical cancer. AIM To determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV types in the studied population and to explore the association between high-risk HPV types and cervical d...

Immunotherapy is the generic name for treatment modalities aiming to reinforce the immune system against diseases in which the immune system plays a role. The design of an optimal immunotherapeutic treatment against chronic viruses and associated diseases requires a detailed understanding of the interactions between the target virus and its host, in order to define the specific strategies that ...

Epidemiological relationships were established more than 100 years ago between precursory lesions of cervical cancer and risky sexual behaviour. For various decades medicine has, unsuccessfully, tried to find the relationships between the agents responsible for sexually transmitted infections with this neoplasia. Thus, epidemiological studies supported by liquid cytological and molecular techni...

From epidemiological viewpoint, it has been elucidated that cervical cancer is caused by something transmitted through sexual contact. At present, human papilloma virus, HPV, is thought to be one of the most important candidates, because 60-80% of invasive cancer as well as 30-50% of premalignant lesions of the cervix contain HPV, most of which is HPV-16 or 18. However, these HPVs are detected ...

Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are among the most common sexually transmitted diseases. HPV is associated with a spectrum of diseases ranging from benign vulgar verrucae and condylomata accuminata to malignant cancers of the cervix, vulva, anus and penis. Genital HPV is in most cases transmitted sexually, but non-sexual routes of transmission, such as perinatal and autoinoculatio...

INTRODUCTION Inclusions of ectopic breast tissue in axillary lymph nodes are reported very infrequently and typically are only identified microscopically as an incidental finding. Furthermore the development of a benign proliferative lesion in the form of an intraductal papilloma from intranodal ectopic breast tissue is an extremely rare phenomenon with only three previous cases reported. This ...

1. The potentialities that viruses have for the superinfection of virus tumors have not been recognized nor has the fact that a single cell can harbor more than one virus. 2. Rabbit papillomas, induced by the papilloma virus (Shope), were superinfected by B virus, myxoma virus, vaccinia virus, and probably, virus III. Similar attempts at superinfection by herpes virus were without success. The ...

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of mucous membranes and is endemic in Southern India and Sri Lanka, though there are infrequent reports of the disease elsewhere in the world with Rhinosporidium seeberi identified as aetiological agent. Sino nasal Inverted papilloma constitutes only 0.5-4% of all nasal tumours and may be associated with human papilloma virus, chronic inflamma...

Background: Vaccines based on virus-like particles are effective against Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection; however, they have not shown a therapeutic effect against HPV-associated diseases. New immunotherapy strategies based on immune responses against tumor antigens can positively affect the clearance of HPV-associated lesions. Objective: To generate two therapeutic fusion DNA vaccines (o...