[no abstract available]

introduction: hearing loss after surgery is reported rarely. its prevalence rate is different and reported to be between 3-92%. hearing loss is often subclinical and not diagnosed without audiometry. the aim of this study was to determine rate of hearing changes after spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery with spinal anesthesia. methods: in this descriptive study, forty male patients...

introduction: occupational exposure to excessive noise is commonly encountered in a large number of industries in iran. this study evaluated the hearing threshold and hearing loss in meybod tile factory workers. methods: this cross-sectional study included 371 tile factoryworkers during summer and autumn of 2005. current noise exposure was estimated using sound level meter .a specially formatte...

introduction: otosclerosis one of the most common causes of conductive hearing loss is more common in females and in their middle ages. it is usually a bilateral and progressive disease. surgical operation is suggested as the exclusive management of otosclerosis. this study aims to evaluate the hearing results after stapedectomy in otosclerotic patients in ahwaz. materials and methods:  in this...

conclusions it is likely that learning social skills in adolescents with deafness would improve their sense of competence, and emotional well being. results the intervention led to significant improvement in total perceived competence scores of adolescents with deafness (p < 0.001) as well as in three domains of socio-emotional competence (p = 0.003), communication competence (p < 0.001), and s...