In this paper, we present an efficient method for determining the solution of the stochastic second kind Volterra integral equations (SVIE) by using the Taylor expansion method. This method transforms the SVIE to a linear stochastic ordinary differential equation which needs specified boundary conditions. For determining boundary conditions, we use the integration technique. This technique give...

‎in this article‎, we use a finite difference technique‎ ‎to solve variable-order fractional integro-differential equations‎ ‎(vofides‎, ‎for short)‎. ‎in these equations‎, ‎the variable-order fractional integration(vofi) and‎ ‎variable-order fractional derivative (vofd) are described in the‎ ‎riemann-liouville's and caputo's sense,respectively‎. ‎numerical experiments‎, ‎consisting of two exam...

a numerical method for solving variational problems is presented in this paper. the method is based upon hybrid of hartley functions approximations. the properties of hybrid functions which are the combinations of block-pulse functions and hartley functions are first presented. the operational matrix of integration is then utilized to reduce the variational problems to the solution of algebraic...

calculating total cast of bank resources procurement methods which include current -free loan deposit, saving interest-free loan deposit, regular and net short-term investment deposit, long-term investment deposit and surety bond cash deposit and presenting their optimal integration require precise scientific studies. hence, this study is an attempt to know which methods are the best optimal in...

The Vibrio cholerae SXT element is a conjugative self-transmissible chromosomally integrating element that encodes resistance to multiple antibiotics. SXT integrates in a site-specific fashion at prfC and excises from the chromosome to form a circular but nonreplicative extrachromosomal form. Both chromosomal integration and excision depend on an SXT-encoded recombinase, Int. Here we found that...