reading comprehension ability consists of multiple cognitive processes, and cloze tests have long been claimed to measure this ability as a whole. however, since the introduction of cloze test, different varieties of it have been proposed by the testers. thus, the present study was an attempt to examine the relatedness of cloze-elide test, multiple-choice (mc) cloze test, and c-test as three di...

The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool that measures critical thinking skills university students. Pamukkale Critical Thinking Skills Scale was developed as two separate forms; multiple choice open-ended. validity reliability studies the multiple-choice form were constructed on different theoretical frameworks classical test theory item-response theory. Accord...