Insulin promotes adipocyte differentiation via a complex signaling network involving multiple insulin receptor substrates (IRSs). In cultured brown preadipocytes, expression of IRS-1 and IRS-2 mRNAs and proteins was at relatively high levels before and after differentiation into mature fat cells, while IRS-3 transcript was not detectable in preadipocytes but increased during the course of diffe...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance is associated with atherosclerosis, but its mechanism is unknown. It has been reported that insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 deficient (IRS-1-/-) mice showed insulin resistance without type 2 diabetes, whereas the IRS-2 deficient (IRS-2-/-) mice showed insulin resistance with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated neointima formation in the IRS-1-...

objective: many studies have focused on the epigenetic characteristics of donor cells to improve somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt). we hypothesized that the epigenetic status and chromatin structure of undifferentiated bovine adipose tissue-derived stem cells (badscs) would not remain constant during different passages. the objective of this study was to determine the mrna expression pattern...

In this paper, we explore the impacts of utilizing intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) in a power-splitting based simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (PS-SWIPT) system and compare its performance with the traditional decode and forward relaying system. To analyze a more practical system, it is also assumed that the receiving nodes are subject to decoding cost, and they are on...

BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that miR-126 participates in the glucose homeostasis through its target molecules. Although bioinformatics analysis predicts that miR-126 can bind with the insulin receptor substrate-2(IRS-2) mRNA at the "seed sequence", but there are still no definitely reports to support it. In this study, we provided evidences that IRS-2 was one of the target genes of ...

Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are major substrates of the insulin receptor (IR). IRS-1 associates with an insoluble multiprotein complex, possibly the cytoskeleton, in adipocytes. This localization may facilitate interaction with the IR at the cell surface. In the present study, we examined the hypothesis that the release of IRS proteins from this location may be a mechanism for ins...

1. The influence of the protein content of the diet on glucose homeostasis was studied in the rat. Rats of 28 d of age received ad lib. a control diet containing (g/kg) 150 protein (P15), or a diet containing 50 protein (P5) or 450 protein (P45). Since P5 rats spontaneously reduced their food intake, a fourth group of rats (P25) received the same amount of energy as P5 rats and the same amount ...

Little is known about the impact of indoor residual spraying (IRS) in areas with intense malaria transmission such as sub-Saharan Africa. In Malawi, IRS with lambda-cyhalothrin has been applied annually in an area of intense year-long transmission since 2007. We evaluated the impact of IRS on parasitemia and anemia prevalence in children less than five years of age by using a cross-sectional ho...

The mechanism by which insulin induces the expression of the sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and glucokinase genes was investigated in cultured rat hepatocytes. Overexpression of an NH(2)-terminal fragment of IRS-1 that contains the pleckstrin homology and phosphotyrosine binding domains (insulin receptor substrate-1 NH(2)-terminal fragment [IRS-1N]) inhibited insulin-in...