Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. It is expected to impose an increasing economic and social burden on human populations. The motor symptoms of PD are well known, including age-dependent uncontrollable resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, posture instability. In the non-motor symptoms, cognitive changes, d...

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Studies have demonstrated that biochemical markers have an association with PD. We aimed to investigate an association of biochemical markers including calcium, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathormone (PTH), and phosphorous with PD. Methods: This study was conducted on 139 PD patients an...

Parkinson`s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer`s disease. It is a chronic and progressive disease, and mostly afflicts elderlies. PD starts with sudden onsets and the exact cause of the disease is still unknown, however there are some early symptoms that can help us to diagnose the disease and ameliorate its effects. PD is a multi-factorial disease...

Objective(s): Program death 1 (PD-1)/ program death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathways, as the main inhibitory checkpoints, induce immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite the importance of inhibitor checkpoint receptor (ICR) blockers, their outcomes have been limited by the low immune response rate and induced acquired resistance. Pre-existing tumor-speci...

An efficient procedure and green route has been developed by using eco-friendly green synthesized palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) as reusable heterogeneous nanocatalyst (Pd@nanocat) for the synthesis of diaryl ethers from the cross coupling reaction of the aryl halides with the phenol in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent at 110 oC under natural ligand condition capped Pd-NP...

Due to unique applications of palladium nanoparticles, synthesis of these nanoparticles by a simple and low cost method is very important. In this work, Pd nanoparticles were synthesized with narrow size distribution by loading metal salt (Pd(OAc)2 ) into the polymeric matrix (PEG) as reducing agent and stabilizer. Also, the effect of metal salt concentration and PEG molecular weight on the con...

Oxidation of binuclear Pd(II) complexes with PhICl(2) or PhI(OAc)(2) has previously been shown to afford binuclear Pd(III) complexes featuring a Pd-Pd bond. In contrast, oxidation of binuclear Pd(II) complexes with electrophilic trifluoromethylating ("CF(3)(+)") reagents has been reported to afford mononuclear Pd(IV) complexes. Herein, we report experimental and computational studies of the oxi...