Background: DNA vaccination with plasmid encoding bacterial, viral, and parasitic immunogens has been shown to be an attractive method to induce efficient immune responses. Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular pathogens for which new and efficient vaccines are needed. Methods: To evaluate the use of a DNA immunization strategy for protection against brucellosis, a pla...

background type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic diseases that cause insulin-producing pancreatic ß cells be destroyed by immune system self-reactive t cells. recent­ly, new treatment methods have been developed including use of the stem cells, ß islet cells transplantation and gene therapy by viral and non-viral gene constructs. objectives the aim of this project was preparing the n...

introduction: cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and the role of human papillomavirus (hpv) has been proved in its etiology. the currentley available l1-capsid-protein-based vaccine is highly immunogenic and very high titers of serum antibodies can be obtained by its injection, but unfortunately it is restricted to only a few hpv genotypes and is relatively expe...

The segregation of plasmids in a bacterial population is investigated. Hereby, a dynamical model is formulated in terms of a size-structured population using a hyperbolic partial differential equation incorporating non-local terms (the fragmentation equation). For a large class of parameter functions this PDE can be re-written as an infinite system of ordinary differential equations for the mom...

Biological units such as macromolecules, organelles, and cells are directed to a proper location by gradients of chemicals. We consider a macroscopic element with surface binding sites where chemical adsorption reactions can occur and show that a thermodynamic force generated by chemical gradients acts on the element. By assuming local equilibrium and adopting the grand potential used in thermo...

Klebsiella michiganensis is an emerging pathogen. Like pneumoniae, this species able to acquire antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via mobile genetic elements. In context, K. isolates producing carbapenemases of KPC, NDM, IMP and OXA-48-like types have already been reported. Here we characterised a strain (BD-50-Km) isolated from rectal swab Turkish patient hospitalised in Switzerland. Species ...

DMSO Inoue transformation buffer (please see Step 1) Chilled to 0°C before use. Plasmid DNA (recombinant plasmid) Construct using one of the methods described in Directional Cloning into Plasmid Vectors, Attaching Adaptors to Protruding Termini, Blunt-ended Cloning into Plasmid Vectors, Dephosphorylation of Plasmid DNA, Addition of Synthetic Linkers to Blunt-ended DNAand Ligating Plasmid and Ta...

As with many pathogenic bacteria, agrobacterial plant pathogens carry most of their virulence functions on a horizontally transmissible genetic element. The tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid encodes the majority of virulence functions for the crown gall agent Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This includes the vir genes which drive genetic transformation of host cells and the catabolic genes needed to utili...

A novel plasmid vector pSELECT-1 is described which can be used for highly efficient site-directed in vitro mutagenesis. The mutagenesis method is based on the use of single-stranded DNA and two primers, one mutagenic primer and a second correction primer which corrects a defect in the ampicillin resistance gene on the vector and reverts the vector to ampicillin resistance. Using T4 DNA polymer...

An R plasmid, R100-1, was mapped previously (Yoshikawa, 1974) by transduction from an integratively suppressed Hfr strain to a recipient with a mutation in gene dnaA. By this method various types of transductants of plasmid R100-1 that exist autonomously or in the integrated state were obtained. Seventy-one such transductants were used in the present study to map gene inc, which is responsible ...