background: the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hemiscorpius lepturus venom on leukocytes and the leukocyte subgroups in peripheral blood of rat. methods: in this experimental study, sixty n-mari rats were divided into three groups of 20 rats. then the rats in each group were divided into four subgroups based on the blood sampling time that was 2, 6, 24 and 48 hours after the...

b a ckground: diabetes is an important disease. this disease is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from perturbation in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. honey bee venom contains a wide range of polypeptide agents. the principle components of bee venom are mellitin and phospholipase a2. these components increase insulin secretion from the β-cells of pancreas....

No single animal model can recapitulate all the features of a particular human disease on its own. Historically, rats have been used to study neurobiology and underlying functional networks. Likewise, rat models created neurodegenerative mechanisms therapeutic interventions. In last decades, shift towards use mice has observed in many research fields, not least because comparatively easier gene...

The cover image is based on the Research Article Oxidation of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate in isolated rat kidneys by Gaurav Sharma et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4857.

The level structure of the transitional nucleus $\mathrm{^{217}Ra}$ has been extended with addition around 20 new transitions. discrepancies between placements several transitions reported in earlier studies are resolved. newly-established negative-parity sequence at low excitation energies hints expected parity-doublet structures this nucleus. properties observed simplex bands compared that si...

Abstract
 Bintaro is a plant that contains poison in all parts of the plant. Cardiac glycoside compounds contained plants can be used as biopesticides to repel rats. Rat pests are one important rice difficult control, so production always decreases. Therefore it necessary look for an effective, efficient and environmentally friendly control technology, namely by using extracts which able b...

Introduction: Mangrove forests are indispensable for coastal communities, because they can protect their areas when the water is high tide and very strong winds. Tourism with management by residents always prioritizes a bottom-up approach, sustainable tourism top-down approach.Purposes of Devotion: After participating in mentoring activities, preparation / empowerment indigenous peoples impleme...

In this study, the effect of α-adrenoceptor agents on imipramine-induced antinociception was investigated using formalin test. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of imipramine at different doses (10-80 mg/kg) induced antinociception in both phases of formalin test. In addition, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of imipramine (1, 5, and 10 µg/rat) did not elicit any effect, although ...