background the current literature proposing criteria and guidelines for collaborative health system research often fails to differentiate between: (a) various types of partnerships, (b) collaborations formed for the specific purpose of developing a research proposal and those based on long-standing relationships, (c) researcher vs. decision-maker initiatives, and (d) the underlying drivers for ...

one of the main solutions to commercialize intellectual assets of universities and research centers is developing spin off companies. the main objective of this article is identification and prioritization of the challenges which these firms confront with to become successful. to address the objective, we used exploratory mixed method. after investigating the related literature, we made eleven ...

In March 2007, when Georgia Tech professors Richard Fujimoto, Jeffrey Skolnick and Eberhard Voit invited colleagues conducting systems biology research to present at a poster session, they expected a few dozen researchers. To their surprise, more than 100 posters were presented that day. “Systems biology is a relatively new field that focuses on complex networks of biological interactions. When...

Background: Breast milk is an ideal source of nutrition for growth and development of infants and has unique physiologic and emotional impacts on the health of mothers and infants. However, a few numbers of infants get exclusive breast milk and therefore, it is necessary to identify barriers to breastfeeding. The purpose of the present qualitative research was to explore challenges and barriers...

Action research is a small-scale intervention in the functioning of the real world to address practitioners’ own issues and carry out a close examination of the effects of such an intervention. Classroom-based research, or action research, can be the viable solution to some pandemic academic sluggishness and scientific apathy. However, the erroneous impression that research is an elite discipli...

This paper presents the positions of seven international experts regarding current and future grand challenges for modeling and simulation (M&S) supporting the defense and security domain. Topics addressed include new interoperability issues, real-time analysis challenges, evolving military and training exercises, the future role and importance of Operations Research and M&S, modeling human tea...

In 2007, IBM Research took on the grand challenge of building a computer system that could compete with champions at the game of Jeopardy!i. In 2011, the open-domain question-answering (QA) system, dubbed Watson, beat the two highest ranked players in a nationally televised two-game Jeopardy! match. This paper provides a brief history of the events and ideas that positioned our team to take on ...

To have impact, a grand challenge should provide a way for diverse research to be integrated in a synergistic fashion. Synergy in the JML project comes from a shared specification language, and thus holds several lessons for the verifying compiler grand challenge. An important lesson is that the project should focus considerable resources on specification language design, which still contains m...