Teaching quality is closely related to teacher qualifications. Motivation, which plays a significant role in teaching, affects the teacher’s performance positively or negatively, turn reflected student learning. The purpose of this study determine motivational situations social studies teachers on basis their motivations choose teaching profession and satisfaction with choice, self-efficacy bel...

In highly social species, dominant individuals often monopolize reproduction, resulting in reproductive investment that is status dependent. Yet, for subordinates, who typically invest less in reproduction, social status can change and opportunities to ascend to dominant social positions are presented suddenly, requiring abrupt changes in behaviour and physiology. In this study, we examined mal...