We compare a variety of strategies for incorporating spelling to create more robust voice-only speech interfaces. These strategies use different combinations of speaking the word, spelling the word, and spelling the word using a phonetic alphabet. For correcting a single recognition error, spelling the word or speaking and spelling the word reduced error rates substantially. Phonetic-spelling w...

This paper explores entrainment of two speaking styles, shouting and hyperarticulation, in an information-driven spoken dialog system. Both styles present difficulties for automatic speech recognition. We describe and evaluate the system’s detection and reaction mechanisms for these speaking styles, which involve deploying appropriate dialog-level strategies. The three strategies tested do indu...

Despite the fact that second/foreign language speaking anxiety is a counterproductive phenomenon in the teaching and learning of English and language anxiety has a debilitating effect on the oral performance of speakers of English, teachers do not always identify anxious students, and often attribute their unwillingness to participate in speaking tasks to factors such as lack of motivation, or ...

Decision trees are probably the most common way for generating models for phonemes in their phonetic context. In this paper we investigated several ways how speaking rate information can be integrated in the decision tree process. We basically focused on two approaches: on the one hand a speaking rate feature included in the decision tree itself and on the other hand a pruning approach for crea...

The objective of the research is to get information learning strategies which are commonly used by eighth grade Students SMP Negeri 2 in speaking classroom and know most effective improve skill according Parepare. This study apply a descriptive method. To good result, this applies two questionnaires about students’ affective learning. population third semester students Parepare academic year 20...