In this paper, we address a new version of the Uncapacitated Single Allocation p-Hub Median Problem (USApHMP) in which transportation costs on each edge are given by piecewise constant cost functions. In the classical USApHMP, transportation costs are modelled as linear functions of the transport volume, where a fixed discount factor on hubhub connections is introduced to simulate economies of ...

We investigate an automobile supply chain where a manufacturer and a retailer serve heterogeneous consumers with electric vehicles (EVs) under a government’s price-discount incentive scheme that involves a price discount rate and a subsidy ceiling. We show that the subsidy ceiling is more effective in influencing the optimal wholesale pricing decision of the manufacturer with a higher unit prod...

We investigate an automobile supply chain where a manufacturer and a retailer serve heterogeneous consumers with electric vehicles (EVs) under a government’s price-discount incentive scheme that involves a price discount rate and a subsidy ceiling. We show that the subsidy ceiling is more effective in influencing the optimal wholesale pricing decision of the manufacturer with a higher unit prod...

The traditional textbook method of calculating a corporation’s cost of debt capital tends to minimize the practical process used to arrive at that cost. This is particularly true if the corporation has issued a coupon bond at either premium or discount. The theoretical before-tax cost of debt is easily calculated and does include the amortization of the discount or premium, but the significance...

Introduction: Today, the infectious wastes of hospitals are considered as a public health problem. Considering the huge amounts of hazardous wastes and the disadvantages of incinerators, we need to investigate the non-combustible devices involved in biochemical treatment. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the cost-effectiveness of infectious wastes devices. Materials and Me...

The current practise of cost-benefit analysis inWestern countries consists a collection various incompatible ideas and methodologies to obtain replicable numbers for the costs benefits major public spending plans. This paper describes main elements dominant methodology, which combines consumer producer surplus, price-taking, government-inputs-as-outputs, hedonic pricing externalities, issue-spe...

Because transportation services provided by container lines to forwarders cannot be stored, they can be considered to be newsvendor-type products. This paper discusses a method used to optimize container lines’ freight tariffs in order to maximize their expected profit by considering changes in order quantities made by forwarders responding to the price schemes suggested by the container lines....