Supplier selection is one the most important elements of supply chain management. This function involves evaluation of many factors such as, cost of parts/materials, size of order, quality, and delivery performance. Therefore, this problem is categorized as multi-criteria decision making problems. Different approaches have been applied in order to assess and select the suppliers when suppliers ...

Coordinating activities among members of a distribution channel has been a subject of great attention in the past two decades. Among various methods to coordinate independent channel members, a number of studies in the literature suggest quantity discount as a mechanism to achieve incentive-compatible coordination between a manufacturer and his retailer. The rationale behind this coordination m...

in this article, a finite horizon, multi product and multi period economic order quantity like seasonal items is considered where demand rate is deterministic and known but variable in each period. the order quantities of items come in batch sizes and the end of the period order quantity and, consequently, demand of customers are zero. in addition, storage space is constrained and the problem ...

Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003, authorizes the implementation of the Medicare-Approved Drug Discount Card Program. This program is designed to help people in Medicare with the cost of prescription drugs. In the past several years as prescription drugs have increased, a number of Medicare beneficiaries have begun to use drug discount cards for outof-pocket expenditures. In the l...

This working note provides a basic overview of discounting in the context of climate change policy. After defining the social discount factor and social discount rate in terms of shadow prices (section 2), and noting the limitations of cost-benefit analysis for climate change (section 3), the determination of efficient social discount rates is discussed given: the impact of uncertainty about fu...

BACKGROUND In cost-effectiveness analysis, discount rates are used in calculating the value of future costs and benefits. However, standard discount rates may not accurately describe the decision-making of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). These patients often choose the long-term risks of immunosuppressive therapy over the short-term risks of colectomy, demonstrating very high discount ra...

This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of the life cycle cost calculation made in the master thesis “Maintenance management of wind power systems Cost effect analysis of condition monitoring systems” by Julia Nilsson (2006). In that thesis, the possible economical gain of a conditioned monitoring system (CMS) in wind power plants is investigated, by comparison of life cycle costs for differ...

This paper presents an overview of the key economic results associated with the use of non-renewable resources. The basic Hotelling model of resource depletion is discussed, followed by several extensions. The fundamental result is that scarcity rent rises at the discount rate, and that at equilibrium, marginal benefits from extraction must equal the marginal economic cost. If marginal extracti...