Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are considered among the most important causes of mortality and morbidity. Helicobacter pylori infection has been proven to be highly associated with the development of a variety of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), and gastric cancer (GC). To date, the exact role of the v...

Pasteurella multocida possesses various virulence factors, including capsule, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, toxins, outer membrane proteins, and adhesions. Adhesins have a crucial role in mediating colonization and invasion of the host. The aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of adhesion factor genes and resistance/sensitivity patterns among the avian P. multocida isolates f...

INTRODUCTION The enterococci are accountable for up to 20% of all cases of infective endocarditis, with Enterococcus faecalis being the primary causative isolate. Infective endocarditis is a life-threatening infection of the endocardium that results in the formation of vegetations. Based on a literature review, this paper provides an overview of the virulence factors associated with E. faecalis...

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and hospital-acquired bacterial infection has become rampant due to antibiotic overuse. Virulence factors are secondary growth important in their pathogenesis, therefore, new antimicrobial therapies inhibit virulence becoming strategies against resistance. Here, we focus on anti-virulence that act through anti-quorum sensing the subsequent clearanc...

Reports from countries with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection do not show a proportionately high prevalence of duodenal ulceration, suggesting the possibility that H pylori cannot be a primary cause of duodenal ulceration. It has been mooted that this discrepancy might be explained by variations in the prevalence of virulence factors in different populations. The aim...

Background & Aims: Pseudomonas aeruoginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and an important cause of nosocomial infections. Different factors are involved in the pathogenicity of this bacterium. This study was performed to compare some factors associated with the virulence of clinical and environmental isolates of P. aeruoginosa. Methods: The present study was performed on 25 environmental isolate...

helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection has been reported in more than half of the world human population. it is associated with gastric inflammation and noticeable infiltration of the immune cells to the stomach mucosa by several cytokines secretion. il-1β, il-18 have been shown to contribute to h. pylori induced gastritis, but the details of inflammation and association of virulence factors...

Candida albicans is a dimorphic opportunistic pathogenic yeast that is commonly isolated from different anatomical sites and clinical samples. It possesses several virulence factors, including secretion of hydrolytic enzymes, the ability to adhere to abiotic surfaces and cells, and the ability to penetrate tissues. We determined the level of in vitro expression of virulence factors by South Afr...