Objective: The aim of this study was to compare memory working and semantic strop in non-athlete, athlete and heroin-dependent individuals. Method: The present study was a causal-comparative study. Forty-five men were selected by convenience sampling and divided into three groups: non-athlete, athlete, and heroin-dependent individuals. Participants were assessed using neuropsychological instrum...

Reading is the most critical and complicated learning activity for children in the first years of school and is the basis of all various learning. Reading disorder is the most common kind of learning disorder. The working memory outstanding deficiency is proven in who are affected by the reading disorder in different projects. Working memory is the most important cognitive process which is the ...

Introduction: Aging and middle aged population growth and increase in life expectancy, has changed the attitude towards elderly. However, decrease in cognitive performance of aged people has always been under investigation. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of working memory software on self-esteem, self-concept and middle aged memory. Methods: This experimental study was car...

Background and Objectives: Chronic morphine use leads to structural changes in the brain. Some studies have shown the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as a main polyphenol of green tea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGCG on working memory in morphine-treated rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 32...