an investigation of various “constructions of imperfect verb of kâna” in quran and criticism of translators attitudes in finding persian equivalent for it

the copulative word “kâna” has been used 1450 times in the holy quran with its derivatives in different structures. the translators of the holy quran, therefore, must know the meaning of the verb in line with the context in which it is used so that they may translate the verb “kâna” as close as possible to the quranic text. mostly the verb has been used in conditional and relative clauses and in sentences in which the predicate of the verb is hyperbole noun or epithet. owing to the use of the text in different contexts, the translators present various meanings of it. the syntacticians have also held different views in analyzing the mentioned structures. in this research the writers try to analyze these structures and their persian equivalent syntactically. the findings of this research show that the translation of conditional “kâna” with “law” sentences is different from the translation of “kâna” with “in” ones. it has also become clear that in the “connector + kanna + noun + predicate” structure, “mā” is connector and not infinitive in nature.