I-23: Hysteroscopic Complications

نویسنده

چکیده مقاله:

Hysteroscopic complications are infrequent. Major complications include: 1. Uterine perforation that is the most common complication of operative hysteroscopy (0.8 - 1.6 %). The perforation rate is less during diagnostic hysteroscopy. 2. Bowel or bladder injury which is rare, but may occur in association with uterine perforation or as a result of use of electrical current. 3. Cervical lacerations which can occur, particularly in women with cervical stenosis in post menopausal patients, or pre operative use of GnRha. Misoprostol is a promising cervical ripening agent used before hysteroscopy in premenopausal women, but its role in postmenopausal women is yet to be determined 4. Excessive fluid absorption that is related to distending media vary according to the patient status and the media used. 5. Embolism (air or carbon dioxide) that can occur with any hysteroscopic technique and can cause cardiovascular collapse. 6. Hemorrhage that is common causes of bleeding and are operative sites bleeding, uterine perforation, and cervical laceration. Continuous bleeding can be treated by placing a Foley catheter in the uterine cavity and then distending the bulb with 15 to 30 mL of normal saline. 7. Electrosurgical injury that is thermal effects of electrical (or laser) energy and can cause injuries to the uterine cavity, as well as bowel, urinary bladder, and large pelvic vessels. One must be cautious if coagulating in the tubal recesses. Electrode insulation defects can also cause thermal injury. 8. Infection which its risk after operative hysteroscopy is low.9. Dissemination of tumor in which iatrogenic positive peritoneal washing does not increase mortality.

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عنوان ژورنال

دوره 7  شماره 3

صفحات  11- 11

تاریخ انتشار 2013-09-01

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