The Relationship between Social Capital and the Mediating Role of Social Learning with Rangerss' Satisfaction with Plans in Mazandaran Summer Rangelands

Background and purpose: The future of human life depends on a better understanding of the factors that lead to satisfaction. Social capital is one of the factors that can grow through the exchange of knowledge and experience and communication with others and be effective in promoting the satisfaction of local communities. Effective and efficient implementation of rangeland rehabilitation programs using a participatory approach also raises issues and problems for policy makers and managers that require a general approach to solving them. This study emphasizes the mediating role of social learning in the interaction of participation and trust in rangeland farmers' satisfaction with the implementation of rangeland management projects in Mazandaran summer rangelands and ends with the modeling process. Materials and Methods: The study method is a survey and the statistical population studied includes rangers of 11 customary systems with 136 people in the summer rangelands of Mazandaran province in which rangeland management projects have been implemented in 1397. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 100 people. Data were collected by stratified random sampling method using a Likert scale (structured) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 software. The apparent and content validity of the research tool was confirmed using the collective opinions of experts related to the research topic. Also, the values obtained from Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability and mean variance extracted for different sections of the questionnaire were acceptable. In order to test the conceptual model of the research, structural equation modeling of reflective model type (for arrows from structures to items) based on the partial least squares method has been used. The values observed on the path between the structures (hidden variables) with each other are called the path coefficient and show the correlation coefficient of the two structures or the standardized regression beta. This method is a very powerful and general technique of multivariate regression or general linear model expansion, and external and internal models examine the relationship between overt and covert variables. Results: The results of path analysis with Smart PLS3 software showed that all three indicators (trust, participation and social learning) have a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of rangers with the implementation of rangeland plans and are able to 85% of the dependent variable changes ( Explain the satisfaction of ranchers). The trust variable has a direct effect of 0.303 and the participation variable has a direct effect of 0.598 on satisfaction. But because of the mediating role of social learning, they have more effects on satisfaction; Thus, the indirect effect of trust on satisfaction due to the mediating role of social learning (0.608 * 0.561) is equal to 0.341 and more than the direct and unmediated effect of social learning, ie 0.303. In general, the effects of trust (0.644), ie directly in addition to the indirect effect, are stronger than the effect of trust on satisfaction alone (0.303). Also, the indirect effect (through the mediating role of social learning) of participation on satisfaction (0.608 * 0.329) is equal to 0.000, which is less than its direct effect (0.598), but in general, the effects of participation on Satisfaction (0.798) which is obtained by combining direct and indirect effects of social learning on satisfaction is greater than the effect of participation alone (0.598) on satisfaction, so it can be concluded that social learning plays a role. There has been an improvement in increasing the total effects of independent variables on the dependent variable. Conclusion: In this study, social learning through the sharing of information and relationships between rangelanders prepares the necessary ground for knowledge transfer and by increasing the indicators of social capital among rangeland ranchers in Mazandaran summer rangelands in which in 1397 Were implemented; Improving manpower productivity and increasing ranchers' satisfaction. Indicators of social capital express different conditions and characteristics governing the actions and performance of rangelanders in the implementation of rangeland projects that have many effects on their satisfaction. Therefore, it can be said that the richer the relationship of ranchers in the implementation of projects, the higher their satisfaction with the performance and implementation of projects.