Hiraku Ichiki

[ 1 ] - Comparison of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery and Intrapleural Urokinase as an Initial Treatment for Parapneumonic Effusion and Thoracic Empyema

Introduction: The treatment of complicated parapneumonic effusion (PPE) and thoracic empyema (TE) is controversial; and the choice of treatment after confirming the failure of simple drainage remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of intrapleural urokinase (UK) administration and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) as initial treatment options for PPE and...