Nitric oxide reduction in Ralstonia eutropha H16 is catalysed by the quinol-dependent NO reductase NorB. norB and the adjacent norA form an operon that is controlled by the sigma(54)-dependent transcriptional activator NorR in response to NO. A NorR derivative containing MalE in place of the N-terminal domain binds to a 73 bp region upstream of norA that includes three copies of the putative up...

Bacteria use a number of resistance mechanisms to counter the antibacterial challenge, and one of these is the expression of transmembrane protein-based efflux pumps which can pump out antibacterials from within the cells, thus lowering the antibacterial concentration to nonlethal levels. For example, in S. aureus, the NorA pump can pump out the antibacterial alkaloid berberine and ciprofloxaci...

Persson and Tabellini (2003) show that presidential regimes and majoritarian election systems have important effects on fiscal policy, government effectiveness and productivity. Here, their dataset is extended in a number of ways: the number of countries included is increased from 85 to up to 116, and more recent data for both government effectiveness and productivity are used. In replicating a...

A review of "Studying Japan: Handbook Research Designs, Fieldwork and Methods" edited by Nora Kottmann Cornelia Reiher, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft (Baden-Baden, Germany), 2020.

A ciprofloxacin-resistant, nalidixic acid-susceptible mutant of Staphylococcus aureus (F145) contained no mutations within gyrA, gyrB, grlA, and grlB or within norA or its promoter region. MICs and accumulation studies suggest the role of a novel multidrug efflux pump.

Parosteal bone tumors involving the small bones of the hand and the foot are rare. Their clinical and imaging features may imitate other bone tumors, leading to incorrect diagnosis and management. Histological examination of the lesion will establish the correct diagnosis. Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation was first described in 1983 by Nora et al.1 In a report of 35 Mayo Clini...