Blue light (BL) induces stomatal opening through the activation of H+-ATPases with subsequent ion accumulation in guard cells. In most plant species, red light (RL) enhances BL-dependent stomatal opening. This RL effect is attributable to the chloroplasts of guard cell, the only cells in the epidermis possessing this organelle. To clarify the role of chloroplasts in stomatal regulation, we inve...

background: the association of epstein-barr virus (ebv) with burkitt’s lymphoma (bl) is variable in different geographic regions. in developing countries, the association of ebv with bl is regarded to be of an endemic-type in equatorial africa ( > 95%) and sporadic-type in the developed countries (15-30%). the purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of ebv infection in bl, in iran. the...

background: bleomycin (bl) is a glycopeptide antibiotic obtained from the bacterium streptomyces verticillus which is routinely used for treatment of human cancers. royal jelly (rj) is a production from the hypo pharyngeal, mandibular and post cerebral glands of nurse bees. rj consists of 66% water, 15% sugars, 5% lipids, and 13% proteins, essential amino acids and vitamins. objective: the aim ...

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive germinal center (GC) derived B cell lymphoma. Its successful treatment requires intense therapeutic protocols that include high doses of alkylating agents and central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis [1]. Outcome is still poor in patients over the age of 40 years. Thus, less toxic and more targeted treatment strategies are needed to improve BL manage...

BACKGROUND Novel research training approaches are needed in global health, particularly in sub-Saharan African universities, to support strengthening of health systems and services. Blended learning (BL), combining face-to-face teaching with computer-based technologies, is also an accessible and flexible education method for teaching global health and related topics. When organised as inter-ins...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal phytohormones that regulate various physiological processes, such as root development and stress tolerance. In the present study, we showed that brassinolide (BL) affects potato root in vitro growth in a dose-dependent manner. Low BL concentrations (0.1 and 0.01 μg/L) promoted root elongation and lateral root development, whereas high BL concentrations (1-10...

In the lateral amygdala (LA), training-induced increases in neuronal responsiveness to conditioned stimuli (CSs) reflect potentiated sensory responses that drive conditioned behaviours (CRs) via LA's targets. The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BL) receives LA inputs and projects to various subcortical sites that can drive aversive and appetitive CRs. Consistent with this, BL neurons also ...

B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma (iDLBCL/BL) is a newly categorized lymphoma in the WHO Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues v4. This lymphoma has characteristics of both DLBCL and BL, morphologically and genetically. We report a case with therapy-resistant iDLBCL/BL, which used to b...

Prior investigators have reported a broad gram-negative spectrum and a marked anti-Pseudomonas activity in vitro with BL-P1654, 6-[R-alpha-(guanylureido)phenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid. An in vitro comparison of BL-P1654 to carbenicillin was performed against 84 strains of Pseudomonas and 39 strains of Enterobacteriaceae. Mean minimal inhibitory concentrations in Mueller-Hinton broth of BL-P...