BACKGROUND & PURPOSE Although perturbations can result in falls, objective practical tests of balance that incorporate perturbations have not received as much attention as other balance measures. The purposes of this study were to: (1) describe a new clinical waist pull perturbation balance test protocol, the Spring Scale Test (SST), (2) determine the test-retest reliability of the SST, and (3)...

BACKGROUND Previous studies to develop and validate bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations to predict body composition were limited by small sample sizes, sex specificity, and reliance on reference methods that use a 2-component model. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to develop sex-specific BIA equations to predict total body water (TBW) and fat-free mass (FFM) with the use of a m...

Protein energy malnutrition is common among persons with ESRD and contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality. The usual methods of nutritional assessment, such as anthropometry, can be misleading because of altered tissue hydration. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been recommended by some as a practical nutritional assessment tool but has not been validated in patients with...

The optimal use and monitoring of cyclosporine A (CyA) have remained unclear and the current strategy of CyA treatment requires frequent dose adjustment following an empirical initial dosage adjusted for total body weight (TBW). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate age and anthropometric parameters as predictors for dose adjustment of CyA; and the secondary aim was to compare the usefu...

The purpose of this study was to determine if heat exposure alters the measures of total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water (ICW) in both single-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). Additionally, we sought to determine if any differences exist between the BIA and BIS techniques before and after brief exposure to ...

The present study was performed to determine how equilibrated fluctuations in hydration affected the validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for body composition assessment. Total body water (TBW) expansion was induced by a 4 d endurance trial and the subsequent water loss was obtained over the recovery period. Twelve healthy men exercised on a cycle and treadmill alternately for 5 h...

Adequate hydration is crucial in maintaining optimal physical and mental functioning and the need for a fast and reliable hydration status assessment in behavioral medicine research has become increasingly important. The goal of this study was to determine the reliability of bioelectrical impedance assessment (BIA) in assessing total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW) and intracellular...

Electrical bioimpedance was measured in 7 body segments, and also with the standard right-side method, using 11 electrodes at 6 different frequencies in 8 healthy male subjects with similar anthropometry. Our objective was to determine the capability of segmental bioimpedance measurements to estimate small changes of water on each segment (TWsegi) and total body water (TBW) in comparison with t...

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures the impedance associated with passage of an alternating current through the body which is proportional to total body water (TBW) and therefore can provide expedient estimates of body composition. However, little validity information is available for commercially available bathroom scale type devices which perform whole body estimates from segmenta...

We developed and validated assessments for total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) by using two resistance values of a new electric circuit model (CM) (two resistors; a capacitor and an inductor) with or without body mass. Fluid shifts occurring after 40 min of supine rest did not increase the validity of either estimate. CM estimates were valid; r = 0.941 to 0.969, low SE of estim...