We construct a topological charge of gauge field configurations on a fuzzy S2×S2 by using a Dirac operator satisfying the Ginsparg-Wilson relation. The topological charge defined on the fuzzy S2×S2 can be interpreted as a noncommutative (or matrix) generalization of the 2nd Chern character on S2 × S2. We further calculate the number of chiral zero modes of the Dirac operator in topologically no...

The coronavirus spike protein (S) plays a key role in the early steps of viral infection, with the S1 domain responsible for receptor binding and the S2 domain mediating membrane fusion. In some cases, the S protein is proteolytically cleaved at the S1-S2 boundary. In the case of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), it has been shown that virus entry requires the endoso...

We evaluated transmembrane potential changes at the ends of isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes during defibrillation-strength shocks given in the cellular refractory period. The myocytes were stimulated (S1 pulse) to produce an action potential. Then a constant-field shock (S2 pulse) with an electric field of 20 or 40 V/cm was given at an S1-S2 interval of 50 msec. The cells were stained with...

In his 1974 thesis, Martin Scharlemann constructed a fake homotopy equivalence from a closed smooth manifold f : Q → S3 × S1#S2 × S2, and asked the question whether or not the manifold Q itself is diffeomorphic to S3 × S1#S2 × S2. Here we answer this question affirmatively. In [Sc] Scharlemann showed that if Σ3 is the Poincaré homology 3-sphere, by surgering the 4-manifold Σ× S, along a loop in...

The beneficial role of marcasite in iron-sulfide-based photo-electrochemical applications is reported for the first time. A spectacular improvement of the photoresponse observed experimentally for mixed pyrite/marcasite-FeS2 films can be ascribed to the presence of p/m phase junctions at the interface. Density functional theory calculations show that the band alignment at the phase boundary con...

Many event-related fMRI designs involve multiple successive events occurring within a trial, spaced closely in time (e.g., in cued set-shifting paradigms). Yet, it is notoriously difficult to separate the activation components to these sequentially ordered events, given the long evolution time of the BOLD response. One approach to deal with this problem is to omit the second of two successive e...