Demand for products made from the dry mass of Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) is growing, but harvest limited by fungal disease infection when replanted in same field. Rotated cropping with maize can cope replant limit, it may take decades. We aimed to amend post-maize-cropping farmland soils cultivating ginseng, using effective microorganisms EMs and fulvic acid (FA) additives detecting comparin...

Two-dimensional (2D) mapping using different chromatographic separations coupled with mass spectrometry is a rapid and simple method for the analysis of a mixture using conventional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The 2D map could be created from two different chromatograms obtained with the same detector and different columns or separation methods. In this study, 2D mapping was applie...

BACKGROUND American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) and Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) products, such as slices, have a similar appearance, but they have significantly different prices, leading to widespread adulteration in the commercial market. Their aroma characteristics are attracting increasing attention and are supposed to be effective and nondestructive markers to determine adulter...

Introduction: The use of Herbal medicines in developed and developing countries is rapidly increasing on the presumption that they are better and safer than conventional medicines. It is now being reported that herbal preparations have far reaching effects on body systems especially in the developmental processes. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Panax ginseng on develo...

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) contains several types of ginsenosides, which are considered the major active medicinal components of ginseng. The types and quantities of ginsenosides found in ginseng may differ, depending on the location of cultivation, making it necessary to establish a reliable method for distinguishing cultivation locations of ginseng roots. P. ginseng roots produ...

Panax ginseng is a valuable medicinal plant which affected by many diseases during its long cultivation period. Ginseng root rot, caused Fusarium oxysporum, has become severe in China. This soilborne pathogen comprises formae speciales based on host specificity. Ten representative isolates from diseased rot showed pathogenicity ginseng. To identify the forma specialis of F. oxysporum strains, r...

aceae) is frequently used in Asian countries as a traditional medicine. The major components of ginseng are ginsenosides. These ginsenosides have been reported to show various biological activities including antiinflammatory activity and antitumor effects. The pharmacological actions of these ginsenosides have been explained by the biotransformation of ginsenosides by human intestinal bacteria....

The Panax genus has been a source of natural medicine, benefitting human health over the ages, among which the Panax japonicus represents an important species. Our understanding of several key pathways and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides, a pharmacologically active class of metabolites and a major chemical constituents of the rhizome extracts from the Panax species, are lim...

The most well-known medicinal plant, Panax ginseng (P. ginseng), contains various phytosterols and bioactive triterpene saponins (ginsenosides). Squalene synthase is a key regulatory enzyme for triterpene biosynthesis and overexpression of the squalene synthase confers the hyper-production of triterpene saponins to form transgenic ginseng. In this study, we have investigated whether and how tra...

Ginseng, a perennial plant belonging to the Panax genus of the Araliaceae family, has been used in China, Korea, and Japan as a traditional herbal medicine for thousands of years. Ginseng is recorded to have exhibited a wide variety of beneficial pharmacological effects and has become a popular and worldwide known health supplement and drug. The protective effects of ginseng on central nervous ...