Hoyer, M. V.,j. Winn and D. E. Canfield,Jr. 2001. Citizenmonitoring ofaquatic bird populations using a Floridalake. Lake and Reserv. Manage. 17(2):82-89. Five years of monthly bird counts on a 2.32 km2 lake in north central Florida were used to examine the ability of a citizen volunteer to monitor aquatic bird populations. When compared to published aquatic bird data, collected by professional ...

Avian Influenza (AI) H9N2 is endemic in Iran; therefore, it is necessary to estimate the disease prevalence among birds in live bird markets (LBMs) and assess the risk spread across the country. Accordingly, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AI subtypes in LBMs, bird gardens, and zoos during October and November 2015 in Iran and investigate the associated risk factors. Data related...

Urban development is rapidly expanding across the globe and is a major driver of environmental change. It is important to understand how bird species responds to urbanization. Therefore I conducted a qualitative study of birds associated with waste sites such as dumpsite and sewage stabilization ponds was carried out on Moshi municipal. The study assessed the diversity between dumpsite and sewa...

Arc-consistency plays such a key role in constraint programming for solving real life problems that it is almost the only algorithm used for reducing domains. There are a few specific problems for which a stronger form of propagation, often called shaving, is more efficient. Nevertheless, in many cases, shaving at each node of the search tree is not worth doing: arc-consistency filtering is muc...