Fix a finite semigroup S and let a1, . . . , ak , b be tuples in a direct power S. The subpower membership problem (SMP) for S asks whether b can be generated by a1, . . . , ak. For combinatorial Rees matrix semigroups we establish a dichotomy result: if the corresponding matrix is of a certain form, then the SMP is in P; otherwise it is NP-complete. For combinatorial Rees matrix semigroups wit...

82 IEEE Concurrency R symmetric multiprocessor systems have become widely available, both as computational servers and as platforms for high-performance parallel computing. The same trend is found in PCs—some have also become SMPs with many CPUs in one box. Clusters of PC-based SMPs are expected to be compact, cost-effective parallel-computing platforms. At the Real World Computing Partnership,...

Dobson JL. A comparison between learning style preferences and sex, status, and course performance. Adv Physiol Educ 34: 197–204, 2010; doi:10.1152/advan.00078.2010.—Students have learning style preferences that are often classified according to their visual (V), aural (A), read-write (R), and/or kinesthetic (K) sensory modality preferences (SMP). The purposes of this investigation were to comp...

The identification of genes that regulate proliferation is of great importance to developmental biology, regenerative medicine and cancer research. Using an in situ screen on a cortical structure of the medaka fish brain, we identified the simplet gene (smp), which is homologous to the human FAM53B gene. smp was expressed in actively proliferating cells of the CNS throughout embryogenesis. It b...

Rhythmic bursting in neurons is accompanied by dynamic changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. These Ca(2+) signals may be caused by membrane potential changes during bursting and/or by synaptic inputs. We determined that membrane potential is responsible for most, if not all, of the cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signal recorded during rhythmic bursting in two neurons of the escape swim central pat...

Two hallmarks of vertebrate epimorphic regeneration are a significant increase in the proliferation of normally quiescent cells and a re-activation of genes that are active during embryonic development. It is unclear what the molecular determinants are that regulate these events and how they are coordinated. Zebrafish have the ability to regenerate several compound structures by regulating cell...

Polyurethane shape memory polymer (SMP) foams are proposed for use as thrombogenic scaffolds to improve the treatment of vascular defects, such as cerebral aneurysms. However, gas blown SMP foams inherently have membranes between pores, which can limit their performance as embolic tissue scaffolds. Reticulation, or the removal of membranes between adjacent foam pores, is advantageous for improv...

Multiprocessor virtual machines (VMs) allow guest operating systems to use symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) in a VM. However, the use of SMP in a VM complicates CPU scheduling by the virtual machine monitor and can significantly increase the performance overhead of virtualization. This paper analyzes the performance of SMP virtualization used in two leading virtualization systems: VMware ESX 3.5...

We have parallelized a Monte Carlo photon transport algorithm. Three different parallel versions of the algorithm were developed. The first version is for the Tera Multi-Threaded Architecture (MTA) and uses Tera specific directives. The second version, which uses MPI library calls, has been implemented on both the CRAY T3E and the 8-way SMP IBM SP with Power3 processors. The third version is a ...

Model-independent chaos control techniques are inherently well-suited for the control of physiological systems for which quantitative system models are unavailable. The proportional perturbation feedback (PPF) control paradigm, which uses electrical stimulation to perturb directly the controlled system variable (e.g., the interbeat or interspike interval), was developed for excitable physiologi...