Since the beginning of the ERS-1 mission, ECMWF is involved in the global validation and long-term performance monitoring of the wind and wave Fast Delivery products that are retrieved from the Radar Altimeter (RA), the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and the Active Microwave Instrument (AMI), on-board the ERS spacecrafts. Their geophysical content is compared with corresponding parameters from ...

The meridional energy transport in the atmosphere and ocean is computed using atmospheric analyses from ECMWF and NMC, and net radiative ux from ERBE. An error analysis of the zonally-averaged total transport shows that errors of 7 Wm 2 in net ux produce transport errors of 0:5PW at the equator, an error of 9% in midlatitudes. Methods for correcting the mass non-conservation in transports deriv...

To my family in China and my wife Yun ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank Prof. Robert Dickinson for advising my thesis and providing support for my PhD study for the past five years. This dissertation would be impossible without his continuous encouragement and support. I am grateful to the support and help from and discussions with Prof. Albany). I also like to thank my current and past group me...

The accuracy of ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) temperatures has been investigated by comparison to radiosonde temperatures. Particularly, the extent of temperatures below which Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) consisting of nitric acid trihydrate can exist (TNAT) has been studied. In the 1999/2000 winter analyses and in the 40 year reanalyses (ERA40) from the winter...

To assess the status of global climate models (GCMs) in simulating upper-tropospheric ice water content (IWC), a new set of IWC measurements from the Earth Observing System’s Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) are used. Comparisons are made with ECMWF analyses and simulations from several GCMs, including two with multi-scale-modeling framework. For January 2005 monthly and daily mean values, the spat...

The land-surface developments of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) are based on Carbon-Hydrology Tiled Scheme Surface Exchanges over Land (CHTESSEL) and form an integral part Integrated Forecasting System (IFS), supporting a wide range global weather, climate environmental applications. In order to structure, coordinate focus future benefit from international collab...