We investigated the mechanism of the hepatocarcinogenic action of nafenopin (NAF), a nongenotoxic peroxisome proliferator. Groups of male rats aged 13 wk (designated "young") or 57 wk (designated "old") were fed NAF for 13 mo; additional groups received a basal diet or a phenobarbital (PB)-containing diet as positive control. The following results were obtained. (a) NAF produced numerous hepato...

PURPOSE To determine whether exposure of sodium fluorescein (NaF) to the choroid-retina region in the posterior segment of the eye is greater with suprachoroidal injection when compared to intravitreal and transscleral routes. METHODS Suprachoroidal injection, a new approach for drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye was validated using a 34 G needle and Indian ink injections in Sp...

Our aim was to establish an easy and convenient procedure for the preparation of fluorine-18-sodium fluoride ((18)F-NaF) for bone positron emission tomography (PET) during routine (18)F-FDG production using the Explora FDG4 radiochemistry module (EFRM) by single run of Cyclotron with negligible radiation exposure. We compared three techniques for (18)F-NaF production during routine PET radioche...

PURPOSE Sodium fluoride PET (18F-NaF) has recently reemerged as a valuable method for detection of osseous metastasis, with recent work highlighting the potential of coadministered 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a single combined imaging examination. We further examined the potential of such combined examinations by comparing dual tracer 18F-NaF18/F-FDG PET/CT with CT alone for detection of osse...

UNLABELLED The use of erbium lasers to prevent caries in enamel has shown positive results. However, it is not known if Er,Cr:YSGG laser can also be used to increase acid resistance of root dentine, which is another dental tissue susceptible to the action of cariogenic bacteria. OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser (λ=2.78 μm, 20 Hz) irradiation associated with 2% neutral ...

BACKGROUND On the basis of hypothesized protective effect, we examined the effect of soy foods on estrogens in nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and serum, possible indicators of breast cancer risk. METHODS In a crossover design, we randomized 96 women who produced 10 μL or more NAF to a high- or low-soy diet for 6 months. During the high-soy diet, participants consumed 2 soy servings of soy milk, ...

Fluoride is a ubiquitous natural substance that is often used in dental products to prevent dental caries. The biphasic actions of fluoride imply that excessive systemic exposure to fluoride can cause harmful effects on embryonic development in both animal models and humans. However, insufficient information is available on the effects of fluoride on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which is...

PURPOSE Ductal lavage has been used for risk stratification and biomarker development and to identify intermediate endpoints for risk-reducing intervention trials. Little is known about patient characteristics associated with obtaining nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and adequate cell counts (> or =10 cells) in ductal lavage specimens from BRCA mutation carriers. METHODS We evaluated patient char...

Non-Adjacent Form (NAF) is a canonical form of signed binary representation of integers. We present some explicit formulae of NAF and its left-to-right analogue (FAN) for randomly chosen n-bit integers. Interestingly, we prove that the zero-run length appeared in FAN is asymptotically 16/7, which is longer than that of the standard NAF. We also apply the proposed formulae to the speed estimatio...