The subtropical gyres occupy approximately 40% of the surface Earth and are widely recognized as oligotrophic zones. Among them, South Pacific gyre (SPSG) shows lowest chlorophyll-a levels (0.02–0.04 μgL –1 ), deepest nutricline (>200 m) euphotic zone (∼160 m), rates nitrogen fixation. zooplankton community is poorly known in SPSG. We report a study focused on composition distribution pe...

We employ communication theory to analyze information processing in a silicon photoreceptor and in a biophysical model of the blowfly photoreceptor. We take channel capacity to be a quantitative measure of performance which is independent of any particular task. The physical instantiation of any channel determines the noise, the signal constraints and the channel capacity. The channel model for...

BACKGROUND Maternal obesity is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and has lifelong negative implications for offspring health. The Institute of Medicine recommends limited gestational weight gain (GWG) in obese women for optimal maternal and infant outcomes. However, there is a gap regarding an effective and sustainable intervention strategy to achieve this goal. The aim of the healthy ...

The computation system of constructive type theory is open-ended so that theorems about computation will hold for a broad class of extensions to the system. We show that despite this openness it is possible to completely reflect the computation system into itself in a clear way by adding simple primitive concepts that anticipate the reflection. This work provides a method to modify the built-in...

The potential for targeting estrogen receptor (ER)-b in various cancer models has been gaining considerable attention in recent years. In this issueof the journal, Chaudhary and colleagues demonstratemarkedly decreased ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin cancer in a mouse model using a highly specific ER-b agonist, ERB-041. The mechanisms that underlie this strong inhibitory effect are mediated by...

EXTENDED ABSTRACT The presence of emerging contaminants has been previously described in reclaimed water and groundwater of Gran Canaria (Spain). Despite of the environmental risk associated to irrigation with reclaimed water (R), this practice is necessary considering sustainability of the hydrological cycle in semiarid zones, especially regarding agricultural activity. The aim of this study w...

The thresholds of human observers detecting line targets improve significantly when the targets are presented in a spatial context of collinear inducing stimuli. This phenomenon is referred to as spatial facilitation, and may reflect the output of long-range interactions between cortical feature detectors. Spatial facilitation has thus far been observed with luminance-defined, achromatic stimul...

The SAK cell line, derived from a spontaneous thymic lymphoma in an AKR mouse, is resistant to lysis by glucocorticoids in spite of the presence of functional glucocorticoicl receptor. Receptor function was determined by hormone binding analyses, as well as characterization of hormonal effects on cell growth and on the accumulation of murine leukemia virus and metallothionein mRNAs. SAK cells w...