PURPOSE To document differences in the cerebral proton MR spectra of patients with early and late stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHOD We studied the relative N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) levels by localized proton spectroscopy of the parietooccipital region of the brain in 43 HIV-seropositive patients, including 26 with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defin...

PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic value of 3T (1)H-MRS in grading cerebral gliomas using short and long echo times. METHODS 1H-MRS was performed on 71 patients with untreated cerebral gliomas. Metabolite ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, and mI/Cr were calculated for short and long TE and compared between low and high grade gliomas. Lipids were qualitatively evaluated. ROC analysis was perf...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have produced controversial results concerning the correlation of hippocampal volume loss with increasing age. The goals in this study were: 1) to test whether levels of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA, a neuron marker) change in the hippocampus during normal aging and 2) to determine the relationship between hippocampal NAA and volume changes. Proton magnetic r...

A novel protocol for indirect shoot organogenesis of Adhatoda vasica was developed using petiole explants derived from mature shrubby plants. Media with concentrations of cytokinins in combination with auxins were used to induce callus formation in two explants types: petiole and leaf segment. The frequency of callus formation from petiole and leaf segment explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) b...

The reproductive stage of rice is vulnerable to heat stress, which reduces spikelet fertility and yield. Auxin significantly influences development, hence the research aimed enhance grain attributes in plants by exploring application efficiency Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) 1-naphthaleneacetic (NAA) under stress. This study investigated effects IAA (10 μmol L−1) NAA (100 on rate six genotypes duri...

INTRODUCTION Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) is increasingly used in clinical studies of brain tumor to provide information about tissue metabolic profiles. It shows clear differences between the spectral profiles of brain tumor and normal tissues. This study investigated early changes in predominant metabolites for predicting tumor responses to an anti-angiogenic treatment in re...

Lilium brownii var. viridulum, commonly called Longya lily, is a well-known flower and vegetable plant in China that has poor tolerance to Botrytis fungal disease. The molecularimprovement mainly been restricted an efficient regeneration transformation system. In this study, the highly of lily was established through optimization embryogenic callus, adventitious shoot rooting induction. major f...

Fifty-five observations were used to determine the ME content of 8 foods containing different protein sources. The major protein sources tested included low-oligosaccharide whole soybeans; 2 low-oligosaccharide, low-phytate whole soybeans; 2 conventional soybean meals; low-ash poultry meal; low-oligosaccharide, low-phytate soybean meal; and conventional whole soybeans. The ME content of all foo...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety- and memory-based disorder. The hippocampus and amygdala are key areas in mood regulation. Fluoxetine was found to improve the anxiety-related symptoms of PTSD patients. However, little work has directly examined the effects of fluoxetine on the hippocampus and the amygdala. In the present study, male Wistar rats received fluoxetine or vehicle ...