We have developed a new depth-graded multilayer system comprising W and SiC layers, suitable for use as hard x-ray reflective coatings operating in the energy range 100-200 keV. Grazing-incidence x-ray reflectance at E = 8 keV was used to characterize the interface widths, as well as the temporal and thermal stability in both periodic and depth-graded W/SiC structures, whereas synchrotron radia...

The oxidation of the W(100) surface at elevated temperatures has been studied using room temperature STM and LEED. High exposure of the clean surface to O2 at 1500 K followed by flash-annealing to 2300 K in UHV results in the formation of a novel p(3×1) reconstruction, which is imaged by STM as a missing-row structure on the surface. Upon further annealing in UHV, this surface develops a floret...

Introduction. Insulin glargine 100 U/ml (Gla-100) is  a long-lasting basal insulin analog injected once daily. This real-life study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Gla-100 in patients with type 1 (T1DM) 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who were recently switched from isophane (NPH) insulin. Methods. multicenter, prospective, 52-week observational included 321 T1DM 766 T2DM. The primary ...

High power, high brightness diode lasers are beginning to compete with solid state lasers, i.e. disk and fiber lasers. The core technologies for brightness scaling of diode lasers are optical stacking and dense spectral combining (DSC), as well as improvements of the diode material. Diode lasers have the lowest cost of ownership, highest efficiency and most compact design among all lasers. Mult...

Precise determinations of the masses of the W boson and of the top quark could stringently test the radiative structure of the Standard Model (SM) or provide evidence for new physics. We analyze the excellent prospects at a muon collider for measuring M W and m t in the W + W − and t ¯ t threshold regions. With an integrated luminosity of 10 (100) fb −1 , the W-boson mass could be measured to a...

OBJECTIVE To assess the safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent meningococcal (groups A,C,Y,W) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-DT) in India. DESIGN Open-label, descriptive, non-randomized study. SETTING Three medical college hospitals, one each in New Delhi, Bengaluru and Mumbai, India. PARTICIPANTS 300 healthy, vaccine-naïve participants (100 children aged...

INTRODUCTION We evaluated periphytic algal and microbial communities to assess the influence of human and cattle impact on Sierra water quality. METHODS 64 sites (lakes and streams from Lake Tahoe to Sequoia National Park, California) were sampled for suspended indicator bacteria and algae following standardized procedures. The potential for nonpoint pollution was divided into three categorie...

For the families ax = by +z +v +w, a, b = 1, . . . , 100, and ax = by + z + v +w, a, b = 1, . . . , 100, of projective algebraic threefolds, we test numerically the conjecture of Manin (in the refined form due to Peyre) about the asymptotics of points of bounded height on Fano varieties.