The present study is concerned with the effect of low pH on continuous citric acid fermentation by Aspergillus niger strain SK-17. Microbial cultivations were carried out in a stainless steel stirred bioreactor of 15 L total capacity. The bioconversion of glucose to citric acid at low pH was investigated on cellulose fabric. Sucrose solution (100 g/l) was made to flow through capillaries of a v...

Stainless steel particles (60 μm in mean diameter) cladded with an alumina shell (2 μm thick and manufactured by mechanofusion) were sprayed with an Ar-H2 (53-7 slm) d.c. plasma jet (I = 500 A, P = 28 kW, th = 56 %). Two main types of particles were collected in flight, as close as 50 mm downstream of the nozzle exit: particles with a steel core with pieces of alumina unevenly distributed at t...

dynamic recrystallization, drx, behaviour of a precipitation hardened, ph, stainless steel was studied in connection with microstructural developments in a compression test. the experimental results showed that the dominant mechanism of softening is drx, but at high strain rates and low temperatures, ie, high zener-holman parameter, z, work hardening and dynamic recovery, drv, produced a pancke...

This paper presents a series of tests on cold-formed stainless steel bolted connections. The test specimens were fabricated from three different types of stainless steel, including austenitic stainless steel EN1.4301 (AISI 304) and EN1.4571 (AISI 316Ti having small amount of titanium) as well as lean duplex stainless steel EN1.4162 (AISI S32101). The material properties of the three types of st...

This study examines the link between microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured metal parts by developing a predictive model that can estimate such as ultimate tensile strength, yield elongation at fracture based upon microstructural data for 17-4 PH stainless steel. The main benefit approach presented is generalizability, necessary testing further reduced in comparison...