Low back pain and sciatica have been considered as the common morbidities of human kind throughout the history. The explanation of the etiology has been changed during the centuries and still remains a dilemma. Reviewing ancient theories may lead to novel findings about the etiology and its better treatments. First writings about sciatica: among available iranian traditional medicine (ITM) book...

during the first centuries of hijra, the concept of faith and its relevant issues were among the major topics in islamic thought. one the schools on the topic were murji'ah, introduced by hasan ibn muhammad al-hanafiyyah in kufa within the second half of hijra. the murjites held that pure faith can be achieved either through heart belief or confession; there is no need of action for salvat...

Few instances of material evidence for ancient colour restorations have been documented over the last 20 years, during which time scientific approach to study polychromy has defined. This article presents eight new cases restoration from Roman Imperial Age. By combining observations in visible and UV light video microscopy with a micro-stratigraphic approach, MA-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,...

one of the prominent shophists lived in 4th and 5th hegira centuries (11th & 12th ad centuries) is ibn bakooyeh shirazi. in a poetic verse that saadi (14th ad century) mentioned baba koohi as pseudonym for ibn bakuyeh shirazi and within a phrase written by isa ibn joneid shirazi (15th ad cen.) at tazkereh-e- hezar mazar (literally hgiography of thousand tombs) book with title of babakoohi as we...

in the earliest centuries of islamic period, arabic language was spread in iran by accelerated rate and over time it has been converted into iranian political, scientific, and literary language in the field of islamic civilization. amidst, many of iranian intellectual and literate people created some literary works in arabic so that an all-out arabic verse market was highly boosting in iran, pa...

Archeological studies reveal that humans splinted fractures and operated on skulls. Other than dealing with wounds or fractures, early surgeons carried out three types of operative procedures – circumcision, trephination lithotomy. The first two are the most ancient, for it is hypothesised they were undertaken between 10 000 15 years ago. Circumcision was a religious, fertility initiation rite ...

Proof. First suppose that a ∼H b, so that a = bk for some k ∈ H, and let ah (with h ∈ H) be an artibrary element of aH. Then we have ah = bkh = b(kh) ∈ bH, hence aH ⊆ bH. The proof of bH ⊆ aH is similar. Conversely, suppose that aH = bH. Since a ∈ aH = bH we have a = bk for some k ∈ H. Then a−1b = k−1 ∈ H, hence a ∼H b. (d) Prove that the map g 7→ ag is a bijection from H to aH. Proof. Consider...

PURPOSE To analyze the anatomic consequences of selective amygdalohippocampectomy (AH) in patients with hippocampal sclerosis and to correlate the clinical outcome with the MR appearance. METHODS Seventeen patients were examined with clinical and neuropsychologic examination and cranial MR after AH (7 transcortical AH, 10 trans-Sylvian AH). The clinical and neuropsychologic outcomes after AH ...