IMPORTANCE Case reports describe persistent erectile dysfunction (PED) associated with exposure to 5α-reductase inhibitors (5α-RIs). Clinical trial reports and the manufacturers' full prescribing information (FPI) for finasteride and dutasteride state that risk of sexual adverse effects is not increased by longer duration of 5α-RI exposure and that sexual adverse effects of 5α-RIs resolve in me...

Androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) are indispensable for expression of the male phenotype. The two most important androgens are testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone. The elucidation of the mechanism of androgen action has a long history starting in the 19th century with the classical experiments by Brown-Séquard. In the 1960s the steroid hormone receptor concept was established and the...

BACKGROUND Testicular morphology and immunohistochemical studies have never been reported in genetically documented adult patients with 5 alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency (5α-R2 deficiency). CASE PRESENTATION We describe the testicular histopathology of a 17-year-old XY subject with 5α-R2 deficiency caused by the recurrent homozygous Gly115Asp loss of function mutation of the SRD5A2 gene.We ...

The oxidative effect of nicotine was investigated using androgen biomarkers of redox status and wound healing in fibroblasts; using the antioxidant glutathione for confirmation of responses. Cultures of human gingival (HGF) and periosteal fibroblasts (HPF) were incubated with substrates 14C-testosterone/14C-4-androstenedione in the presence or absence of serial concentrations of nicotine (N(100...

In addition to these therapies, a new oral drug dutasteride has been reported to be efficient for AGA in a large-scale (n=917) randomized controlled trial (RCT) [2]. This reagent is a 5α-reductase inhibitor similarly to finasteride. Importantly, dutasteride suppresses both type I and II 5α-reductases while finasteride significantly suppresses only type II. Therefore, dutasteride is referred as ...

BACKGROUND The number of people suffering from balding or hair thinning is increasing, despite the advances in various medical therapies. Therefore, it is highly important to develop new therapies to inhibit balding and increase hair proliferation. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effects of herbal extracts commonly used for improving balding in traditional medicine to identify potential agents ...