The field studies were done with the assistance of Allen Delaney, while Bruce Brockett provided valuable information on the borehole unfrozen zone. Dr. Patrick Black conducted the NMR analysis and Alan Hewitt conducted the ion chromatography analysis. Paul Sellmann and Lawrence Gatto provided useful technical reviews of the report manuscript. The authors thank all of the above individuals, who ...

Aerial surveys are a recognised technique to identify the presence and abundance of marine animals. However, the capability of aerial observers to reliably sight coastal sharks has not been previously assessed, nor have differences in sighting rates between aircraft types been examined. In this study we investigated the ability of observers in fixed-wing and helicopter aircraft to sight 2.5 m a...

We examined the influence of both the proximity and extent of human developments and paved roads on the presence of the predatory, non-indigenous, red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). This species was inadvertently introduced into the United States at the port of Mobile, Alabama, around 1930 and rapidly spread to many southeastern states, including Florida. More recently, S. invicta colo...

Aerodynamic roughness length 0 ) and displacement height 0 ) are important surface parameters for estimating surface fluxes in numerical models. These parameters are generally determined from wind flow characteristics using logarithmic wind profiles measured at a meteorological tower or by balloon release. It would be an advantage to use measurements of land surface characteristics instead of w...

Although the negative impacts of roads on many terrestrial vertebrate and bird populations are well documented, there have been few studies of the road ecology of bats. To examine the effects of large roads on bat populations, we used acoustic recorders to survey bat activity along ten 300 m transects bordering three large highways in northern California, applying a newly developed statistical ...

the main objective of this paper is to study the euclidean displacement of a 5-dof parallel mechanism performing three translation and two independent rotations with identical limb structures-recently revealed by performing the type synthesis-in a higher dimensional projective space, rather than relying on classical recipes, such as cartesian coordinates and euler angles. in this paper, study&a...

Abstract Context Road mitigation to reduce animal–vehicle collisions (AVCs) is usually based on analysis of road survey animal carcass data. This used identify sections with high AVC clusters. Large mammals that are struck and die away from a not recorded nor considered in these analyses, reducing our understanding the number AVCs cost–benefit measures. Aims Our aim was develop method calculate...

Terrestrial amphipod crustaceans from two ecological groups, the coastal group and the forest group, were collected along two transects at right angles to the shoreline at Cox Bight, southwestern Tasmania. The transects were placed on either side of Point Eric ro ensure that one was more sheltered from seaspray, in order to examine the hypothesis that the distribution of coastal group landhoppe...

Cutting straight line transects through dense forest is time consuming and expensive when large areas need to be surveyed for rare or highly clustered species. We argue that existing paths or game trails may be suitable as transects for line transect sampling even though they will not, in general, run straight. Formulas and software currently used to estimate local density using perpendicular d...