Ipratropium bromide is a white to off-white crystalline substance. It is freely soluble in lower alcohols and water, existing in an ionized state in aqueous solutions, and relatively insoluble in non-polar media. Ipratropium bromide nasal solution, 0.06% is a metereddose, manual pump spray unit which delivers 42 mcg ipratropium bromide (on an anhydrous basis) per spray (70 mcL) in an isotonic, ...

The antiarrhythmic action of lidocaine has been attributed solely to its direct electrophysiological effects on the heart. However, lidocaine is particularly effective in treating ventricular arrhythmias associated with increased sympathetic activity, e.g., in myocardial infarction and digitalis toxicity. We tested the hypothesis that lidocaine administered intravenously depressed cardiac sympa...

Figure 2. A chest x-ray showing correct endotra-cheal tube placement and no acute lung pathology. DESCRIPTION A 28-year-old woman underwent fiberoptic intubation for incision and drainage of joint space infection of a temporomandibular joint arthroplasty performed 10 days prior. The airway was prepared with 4 sprays of topical benzocaine spray and 3% lidocaine ointment. After 30 minutes, the pe...

3D-printed cartridges were designed and fabricated to improve the paper spray ionization method for mass spectrometry (MS). The cartridges protect the fragile paper material, stabilize the tip to prevent warping and misalignment and facilitate interfacing with mass spectrometry. Most importantly, the cartridge enables sophisticated control over solvent flows. Integrated wetting features enable ...

The aim of the study was to investigate the analgesic efficacy of preoperative oral dexketoprofen trometamol, intravenous paracetamol, lidocaine spray, and paracervical block with ultracaine on curettage procedure. A total of 111 subjects with the request of pregnancy termination between 5 and 7 weeks of gestation were included in the study. The first group (control group) consisted of 20 parti...

The present study investigated the effect of operating parameters of a laboratory spray dryer on powder characteristics, in order to optimise the production of trehalose and raffinose powders, intended to be used as carriers of biomolecules for inhalation. The sugars were spray dried from 80:20 methanol:n-butyl acetate (v/v) solutions using a Büchi Mini Spray dryer B-290. A 2(4) factorial desig...

l b the E'ditor:-Thrre are many devices used to deliver topical anesthetics to the airway. Some devices consist of spraying or nebulizing local anesthetics by means of high-flow oxygen.',2 We use a variation of controlled aerosolization of lidocaine by assembling materials that are readily available in the operating room (fig. 1). This device consists of an oxygen tubing fitted to the female en...

rotary atomizers are commonly used in spray dryers to atomize feed. one destructive effect of wheel rotation is the creation of a vacuum inside the wheel that conducts hot air from the chamber into the wheel and can lead to atomizer blockage and an explosion. the present work determined the air-pumping characteristics of a rotary atomizer with a 50 mm wheel diameter. the vacuum pressure and pow...

BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence suggest that neuropathic pain (including Complex Regional Pain Syndrome [CRPS] I and CRPS II) is mediated in part by an increase in the density of voltage-sensitive sodium channels in injured axons and the dorsal root ganglion of injured axons. This study sought to characterize the effects of intravenous lidocaine (a sodium channel blocker) on acute sensory ...

OBJECTIVE Although topical decongestants and anesthetics are widely used in preparation for nasal endoscopy, no controlled trials have evaluated the effects of these agents on olfaction. STUDY DESIGN Randomized double-blinded controlled trial. SETTING Tertiary referral hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors recruited 72 healthy subjects and randomly assigned them to 1 of 4 groups (co...