OBJECTIVE To study the genetic mutations and clinical profile in children with neonatal diabetes mellitus. METHODS Genetic evaluation, clinical management and follow-up of infants with neonatal diabetes. RESULTS Eleven infants were studied of which eight had permanent neonatal diabetes. Median age at presentation was 8 weeks and mean (SD) birth weight was 2.4 (0.5) kg. Pathogenic genetic mu...

Case presentation A baby boy with birth weight of 2.4kg at 35 weeks was born via Caesarian section. The boy was allowed feeding on demands, however he had the first onset of hypoglycemia at 2 hours of life. His blood sugar ranged from low reading to 2.5 mmol/L. The patient was treated with boluses of intravenous dextrose D10% followed by maintenance dextrose with its increasing strength in orde...

ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channels composed of potassium inward-rectifier type 6.2 and sulfonylurea receptor type 1 subunits (Kir6.2/SUR1)4 are expressed in various cells in the brain and endocrine pancreas where they couple metabolic status to membrane potential. In β-cells, increases in cytosolic [ATP/ADP]c inhibit KATP channel activity, leading to membrane depolarization and exocytosis of in...

Congenital hyperinsulinism of infancy (CHI) is characterized by severe hypoglycemia due to dysregulated insulin secretion, associated with either focal or diffuse pathology of the endocrine pancreas. The focal condition is caused by a paternally inherited mutation in one of the genes encoding the subunits of the beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channel (SUR1/ABCC8 or Kir6.2/KCNJ11) and somatic...