The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in cost-effectiveness results of naratriptan and rizatriptan therapy for acute migraine attacks between two Western European countries, The Netherlands and Spain. Methods: cost-effectiveness analysis from the healthcare financer perspective, in the context or primary care, in The Netherlands and Spain, using a model based on a decisio...

In this paper, a deterministic model involving the transmission dynamics of malaria/visceral leishmaniasis co-infection is presented and studied. Optimal control theory is then applied to investigate the optimal strategies for curtailing the spread of the diseases using the use of personal protection, indoor residual spraying and culling of infected reservoirs as the system control variables. V...

Background: Weedy non-native species have long been predicted to be more phenotypically plastic than native species. Question: Are weedy non-native species more plastic than natives? Organisms: Fourteen perennial plant species: Acer platanoides, Acer saccharum, Bromus inermis, Bromus latiglumis, Celastrus orbiculatus, Celastrus scandens, Elymus repens, Elymus trachycaulus, Plantago major, Plant...

In helping consumers to make a wise decision in purchasing a personal computer (PC), the use of multi-criteria decision analysis methods is a way to provide ranking of the attributes of PCs and to construct the computer preference index (CPI). This paper employs the Rank Ordered Centroid (ROC) method to do the ranking. The findings reveal that the most important attribute is the CPU, followed b...

Leaf-level morphological and physiological responses of mature, winter-deciduous, shade-tolerant Acer saccharum Marsh. trees to gap formation caused by selection harvest were studied experimentally over a 2-year period. We found no evidence for either physiological stress or positive acclimation following gap creation during the 1-2-week post-harvest period. Rather, lower-canopy leaves showed g...

The stem of Acer tegmentosum has been widely used in Korea for the treatment of hepatic disorders. In this study, we investigated the bone protective effect of water extract of the stem of Acer tegmentosum (WEAT). We found that WEAT inhibits osteoclast differentiation induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), an essential cytokine for osteoclast differentiation. In oste...

Yüksek spektral verimlilik sağlamak gibi vaatleri olan 5G yeni nesil haberleşme teknolojisi için ortaya atılmış dikgen olmayan çoklu erişim (NOMA) tekniği son zamanlarda araştırmaların kilit noktası olmuştur. NOMA heterojen yapıya sahip olmasından dolayı yüksek veri hızı sağlayan çok-giriş çok-çıkış (MIMO) ile bütünleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bu yapı sayesinde veriler daha az hatalı ve hızlı ol...