The present study examined the incremental validity of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-4th Edition (WAIS-IV; Wechsler, 2008a) factor index scores in predicting academic achievement on the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-2nd Edition (WIAT-II; Psychological Corporation, 2002a) and on the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-3rd Edition (WIAT-III; Wechsler, 2009a) beyond that predicted by t...

Lumbar puncture is a medical technique that physicians must learn and is, therefore, considered a basic medical procedure. The lumbar puncture simulators Lumbar-Kun (Lumbar Puncture Simulator) and Lumbar-Kun II (Lumbar Puncture Simulator II) (Kyoto Kagaku, Kyoto, Japan) are teaching aids designed for practicing spinal insertions. We describe and results of a lumbar puncture clerkship course, pr...

BACKGROUND Although studies in neonatal animals show that anesthetics have neurotoxic effects, relevant human evidence is limited. We examined whether children who had surgery during infancy showed deficits in academic achievement. METHODS We attempted to contact parents of 577 children who, during infancy, had one of three operations typically performed in otherwise healthy children. We comp...

BACKGROUND Prior longitudinal and correlational research with adults and adolescents indicates that spatial ability is a predictor of science learning and achievement. However, there is little research to date with primary-school aged children that addresses this relationship. Understanding this association has the potential to inform curriculum design and support the development of early inter...

This paper provides the first analysis of the relationship between the language mix of Limited English Proficient (LEP) peers and student achievement, using detailed panel data from 2006 to 2012. Percent LEP has a negative association with mathematics and reading test scores, more so for non-LEP students than for LEP students. The overall language mix of LEP students has little if any discernab...

Increasingly school counselors are being called upon to demonstrate that they contribute to students’ academic achievement. No Child Left Behind (NCLB) has led to an intense focus on the use of standardized test scores in measuring academic achievement and on educator accountability for producing measurable achievement gains. NCLB also calls for all educators to use interventions that have been...

Although the detrimental effects of math anxiety in adults are well understood, few studies have examined how it affects younger children who are beginning to learn math in a formal academic setting. Here, we examine the relationship between math anxiety and math achievement in second and third graders. In response to the need for a grade-appropriate measure of assessing math anxiety in this gr...

Help seeking behavior in an intelligent tutoring system was analyzed to identify help seeking strategies, and it was investigated whether the use of these strategies could be predicted by achievement goal scores. Five strategies were identified, three of which were predicted by achievement goal scores. These strategies were labeled Little Help, Click through Help, Direct Solution, Step By Step,...