Objective(s): This study was performed to investigate the effects of mucosal acidification on mRNA expression and protein synthesis of cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE), cystathionine beta synthase (CBS), and mucosal release of H2S in gastric mucosa in rats. Materials and Methods:Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (8 in each), including: the control group, HCl (10 mM) treated g...

Elevated anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition has greatly altered terrestrial ecosystem functioning, threatening ecosystem health via acidification and eutrophication in temperate and boreal forests across the northern hemisphere. However, response of forest soil acidification to N deposition has been less studied in humid tropics compared to other forest types. This study was designed to expl...

A microphysiometer was used to quantify the rate of extracellular acidification by C6 glioma cells and L fibroblasts expressing recombinant dopamine D2 receptors. The dopamine D2 receptor agonist, quinpirole, accelerated the rate of acidification of the medium by C6 cells expressing either the short or long form of D2 receptors, D2(415) and D2(444), but not by wild-type cells that were not tran...

Acidification of the endosomal pathway is important for ligand and receptor sorting, toxin activation, and protein degradation by lysosomal acid hydrolases. Fluorescent probes and imaging methods were developed to measure pH to better than 0.2 U accuracy in individual endocytic vesicles in Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. Endosomes were pulse labeled with transferrin (Tf), alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M...

Inhibitors of endosome acidification or cathepsin proteases attenuated infections mediated by envelope proteins of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) and Ebola virus, as well as ecotropic, amphotropic, polytropic, and xenotropic murine leukemia viruses (MLVs), indicating that infections by these viruses occur through acidic endosomes and require cathepsin proteases in the sus...

Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern and contributes to inflammation associated diseases including cancer. Extracellular acidosis is a novel danger signal in the inflammatory sites, where it can modulate inflammation, immunity and tumor growth. Extracellular acidification was shown to inhibit P2X7-mediated channel currents, while it remains unkn...

Rat liver nodules produced by intermittent 2-acetylaminofluorene feed ing exhibit alterations in cell surface receptors reminiscent of impairment of vacuolar acidification. In this report, vacuolar acidification activity, measured as the ATP-dependent quenching of acridine orange, was characterized in liver and nodular membrane fractions using various iontransport inhibitors and with respect to...