Emerging Bio-engineering fields such as Brain Computer Interfaces, neuroprothesis devices and modeling and simulation of neural networks have led to increased research activity in algorithms for the detection, isolation and classification of Action Potentials (AP) from noisy data trains. Current techniques in the field of ‘unsupervised no-prior knowledge’ biosignal processing include energy ope...

Our objective was to determine the respective roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in the small, slowly decaying Ca2+ transients of failing human ventricular myocytes. Left ventricular myocytes were isolated from explanted hearts of patients with severe heart failure (n=18). Cytosolic Ca2+, contraction, and action potentials were measured by using indo-1, edge det...

To characterize the effect of severe hypoxia on neuronal activity, long-term intracellular recordings were made from neurones in the isolated central ring ganglia of Lymnaea stagnalis. When a neurone at rest in normoxia was subjected to severe hypoxia, action potential firing frequency decreased by 38% (from 2.4-1.5 spikes s(-1)), and the resting membrane potential hyperpolarized from -70.3 to ...

Introduction: Acetamiprid (AP) is one of the most widely used pesticides in the neonicotinoid class. AP residues in the environment have received considerable due to their potential toxicity to humans. Therefore, it is important to remove AP from the aqueous solution. Materials and Methods: In the current study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used as an efficient approach to optimize t...

Synaptic inputs from different brain areas are often targeted to distinct regions of neuronal dendritic arbors. Inputs to proximal dendrites usually produce large somatic EPSPs that efficiently trigger action potential (AP) output, whereas inputs to distal dendrites are greatly attenuated and may largely modulate AP output. In contrast to most other cortical and hippocampal neurons, hippocampal...

Optical fiber-based mapping systems are used to record the cardiac action potential (AP) throughout the myocardium. The optical AP contains a contraction-induced motion artifact (MA), which makes it difficult to accurately measure the action potential duration (APD). MA is removed by preventing contraction with electrical-mechanical uncoupling drugs, such as 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM). We d...

THE ACTION POTENTIAL (AP), THE FUNDAMENTAL SIGNAL OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM, IS CARRIED BY TWO TYPES OF AXONS: unmyelinated and myelinated fibers. In the former the action potential propagates continuously along the axon as established in large-diameter fibers. In the latter axons the AP jumps along the nodes of Ranvier-discrete, anatomically specialized regions which contain very high densities of...

Li, Gui-Rong, Haiying Sun, and Stanley Nattel. Characterization of a transient outward K1 current with inward rectification in canine ventricular myocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Cell Physiol. 43): C577–C585, 1998.—The threshold potential for the classical depolarization-activated transient outward K1 current and Cl2 current is positive to 230 mV. With the whole cell patch technique, a transient ...

The threshold potential for the classical depolarization-activated transient outward K+ current and Cl- current is positive to -30 mV. With the whole cell patch technique, a transient outward current was elicited in the presence of 5 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and 5 μM ryanodine at voltages positive to the K+ equilibrium potential in canine ventricular myocytes. The current was abolished by 200 ...

During synchronous action potential (AP) firing of CA1 pyramidal cells, a population spike (PS) is recorded in the extracellular space, the amplitude of which is considered a reliable quantitative index of the population output. Because the AP can be actively conducted and differentially modulated along the soma and dendrites, the extracellular part of the dendritic inward currents variably con...