Fouling of membranes decreases the applicability of the nanofiltration (NF) process, and thus a deeper understanding of membrane fouling is needed. Fouling and retention of different NF membranes by model feed waters was investigated in a laboratory-scale filtration unit. The model waters were composed so as to imitate the characteristics of chemically pre-treated surface water. No differences ...

livestock are an integral part of the agriculture sector and encompass a great impact on the national economy. an eco-friendly alternative to enhance production, prevent and treat disease conditions of animal is a great challenge for animal nutritionists. keeping farm animals healthy is necessary to obtain healthy animal products. the use of naturally occurring compounds like herbs, herbal prep...

The aim of this study was to detect arsenic concentrations in feed, well-water for drinking, eggs, and excreta of laying hens in arsenic-prone areas of Bangladesh and to assess the effect of arsenic-containing feed and well-water on the accumulation of arsenic in eggs and excreta of the same subject. One egg from each laying hen (n = 248) and its excreta, feed, and well-water for drinking were ...

one experiment was conducted in order to evaluate four levels of macaroni waste including: 0, 10, 20 and 30 percentage in growing turkey feed in a completely randomized design (crd) with 120 local turkey including 3 replicates in 12 pens. during the experiment (3-8 weeks), turkeys received feed and water of free access. weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency were measured weekly. dif...

Many studies tested different feed additives, among these additives, humic substances (HS) have been used in livestock and poultry diets. Humic substances commonly present in nature as they are created from the organic matter decomposition, and are normally found in the soil and natural water. Active components of HS consist of humic acid (HA), humus, ulmic acid, fulvic acid, humin and certain ...

THE SCIENCE OF VIRGINIA’S AQUACULTURE FEED PRICES. Brian L. Nerrie, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806. Aquaculture feed costs are between 50-60% of the operating expenses. Aquaculture’s growth has resulted from improved knowledge of the nutritional requirements of aquacultured products. Initially nutrients were supplied by natural pond foods, and la...

A total of 292 sows, at three experimental stations (Auburn, Texas A&M, Texas Tech), was used to determine the effects of depriving sows of feed and(or) water before weaning on reproductive performance. The four treatments were arranged as a 2 X 2 factorial to evaluate two periods of feed deprivation (0 and 48 h) and two periods of water deprivation (0 and 24 h) before weaning. Sows were allowe...

The novel nanocomposite membranes were successfully prepared by the incorporation of different concentrations (5, 10, and 15 wt%) of montmorillonite (MMT) as a nanoadditive into a blend of chitosan/polystyrene (CS/PS) at a ratio of 3:1 on the basis of solution-casting method and they were subsequently used for the separation of phenol, p-chlorophenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol from water through p...

Small-scale dairy farming in Bangladesh is constrained mostly due to acute shortage, high price and seasonal fluctuation of energy and protein supplements. Poor economic conditions of dairy farmers do not allow them to purchase adequate conventional energy and protein supplements. Locally available non-conventional energy and protein sources can be used as alternatives, cheaper than conventiona...