Mortality rate ratios and the associated proportional hazards models have been used to summarize the effect of Alzheimer's disease on longevity. However, the mortality rate ratios vary by age and therefore do not provide a simple parsimonious summary of the effect of the disease on lifespan. Instead, we propose a new parameter that is defined by an additive multistate model. The proposed multis...

The classical Cox proportional hazards model is a benchmark approach to analyze continuous survival times in the presence of covariate information. In a number of applications, there is a need to relax one or more of its inherent assumptions, such as linearity of the predictor or the proportional hazards property. Also, one is often interested in jointly estimating the baseline hazard together ...

Case-cohort design, an outcome-dependent sampling design for censored survival data, is increasingly used in biomedical research. The development of asymptotic theory for a case-cohort design in the current literature primarily relies on counting process stochastic integrals. Such an approach, however, is rather limited and lacks theoretical justification for outcome-dependent weighted methods ...

BACKGROUND In recent years a great number of studies have applied generalised additive models (GAMs) to time series data to estimate the short term health effects of air pollution. Lately, however, it has been found that concurvity--the non-parametric analogue of multicollinearity--might lead to underestimation of standard errors of the effects of independent variables. Underestimation of stand...

We study the effect of additive and multiplicative Berkson measurement error in Cox proportional hazard model. By plotting the true and the observed survivor function and the true and the observed hazard function dependent on the exposure one can get ideas about the effect of this type of error on the estimation of the slope parameter corresponding to the variable measured with error. As an exa...

In this study, per-person municipal expenditures were modeled as a function of six demographic and income-related variables, first using a robust linear regression model (LM), and second using a generalized additive model (GAM). A comparison of the two models revealed that the GAM provided more accurate predictions, and therefore we recommend for the client to use the GAM as the basis for predi...

Mixtures of increasing failure rate distributions (IFR) can decrease at least in some intervals of time. Usually this property is observed asymptotically as ∞ → t , which is due to the fact that a mixture failure rate is ‘bent down’, as the weakest populations are dying out first. We consider a survival model, generalizing a very well known in reliability and survival analysis additive hazards,...

conclusions the use of smoothing methods helps us to eliminate non-linear effects but it is more appropriate to use cox proportional hazards model in medical data because of its’ ease of interpretation and capability of modeling both continuous and discrete covariates. also, cox proportional hazards model and smoothing methods analysis identified that age at diagnosis and tumor size were indepe...