Purines and pyrimidines are indispensable molecules of life; they fundamental for genetic code bioenergetics. From the very early evolution life purines have acquired meaning damage-associated extracellular signaller purinergic receptors emerged in unicellular organisms. Ancestral purinoceptors P2X-like ionotropic ligand-gated cationic channels showing 20–40% homology with vertebrate P2X recept...

introduction: the role of adenosine a1 receptors of the amygdala on entorhinal cortex kindled seizures was investigated. material and methods: animals were kindled by daily electrical stimutation of entorhinal cortex. in the full kindled animals, n6-cyclohexyladenosine (cha 10, 50, 100, 500óm), an adenosine a1 receptor agonist and 8-cyclopentyl- 1, 3, dimethylxanthine (cpt, 10, 20 óm), an adeno...

Accumulation of adenosine and of deoxyadenosine in the absence of adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) activity results in lymphocyte depletion and in severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA SCID), which is currently explained by direct cell death-causing effects of intracellular products of adenosine metabolism. We explored the alternative mechanisms of peripheral T-cell depletion as due to inhibi...

The effect of theta pulse stimulation (TPS) on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced long-term potentiation of population spikes (PS) was studied in the hippocampal CA1 in vitro. A transient PTZ application produced a long-lasting enhancement of PS amplitude. A 3-min episode of TPS delivered at a higher intensity produced complete reversal of the PTZ potentiation when delivered during the last minute...

human peripheral blood monocytes have been found to undergo a transitory state of high accessory activity before they fully become macrophages. time kinetics were done to follow this accessory potential. studying the regulation of accessory activity, we have found that monocyte derived accessory cells (m-ac) pass through two phases of development, both of which are adversely controlled by cycli...

Introduction : Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and strength. ATP homeostasis crucial during myogenesis. We determined how the purinergic system modulates myogenesis using dipyridamole (blocks adenosine taken up by cells) tenofovir (inhibits release) in myoblast cell line. Methods: C2C12 cells were differentiated presence/absence tenofovir/dipyridamole, with/without A2B selective ...

Adenosine, as a ubiquitous metabolite, mediates many physiological functions via activation of plasma membrane receptors. Mechanisms of most of its physiological roles have been studied extensively, but research on adenosine-induced apoptosis (AIA) has only started recently. In this study we demonstrate that adenosine dose-dependently triggered apoptosis of cultured baby hamster kidney (BHK) ce...

Cardiovascular diseases remain the number one diseases affecting patients' morbidity and mortality. The adenosine receptors are G-protein coupled receptors which have been of interest for drugs target for the treatment of multiple diseases ranging from cardiovascular to neurological. Adenosine receptors have been connected to several biological pathways affecting the physiology and pathology of...

The laterodorsal tegmentum (LDT) neurons supply most of the cholinergic tone to the brainstem and diencephalon necessary for physiological arousal. It is known that application of adenosine in the LDT nucleus increases sleep in vivo (Portas et al., 1997) and directly inhibits LDT neurons in vitro by activating postsynaptic adenosine A(1) receptors (Rainnie et al., 1994). However, adenosine effe...