one important issue that any material or test designer should bear in mind is to be careful about developing teaching and testing reading materials which would not be to the benefit of a group of readers or examinees and to the detriment of some others. one of the factors which may cause difference between the performances of english learners or test takers is the selection of reading tests wit...

Gestalt imagery-the ability to create imaged wholes-is a critical factor in oral and written language comprehension. Despite good decoding, good vocabulary, and adequate background experiences, many individuals experience weak gestalt imagery, thus processing "parts" rather than "wholes," from verbal stimuli, spoken or written. This contributes to a Language Comprehension Disorder that may be a...

The success with which animals living in their natural environment nourish themselves must depend upon the exercise of choices in which instinct and appetite play a significant part. When such individuals are transferred to conditions of domestication their freedom of choice, particularly in t’he case of captive or farm animals, is restricted. Their diet now becomes a problem for the husbandman...

objective: the aim of this study was to determine knowledge and attitude about emergency contraception among women using condom, coitus interruptus and rhythm methods. materials and methods: between april and september 2006, 400 women referring to the health centers in shahrekord, were evaluated. they entered the study if they were using condom, coitus interruptus or rhythm methods. a questionn...