The relative contribution of, and possible mechanism of interaction between, aflatoxin and hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma can be better investigated now that markers of individual exposure to both factors are available. In this study, blood samples were collected over a 1 -month period from 1 1 7 children aged 3 to 4 years, resident in Kuntair or ...

The present study was conducted to determine whether or not aflatoxin B1 was an effective inducing agent for lysogenic bacteria and to characterize some of the parameters involved in induction. A lysogenic strain of Bacillus megaterium (NRRL-B-3695) and an indicator strain of this species (NRRL-B-3694) were used. Cultures of the lysogenic strain were incubated for various periods of time in the...

This paper describes the effect of temperature on the level of aflatoxin production in Mucuna pruriens seeds. The highest level of aflatoxin B1 (1.75 micrograms/g) was detected in the samples incubated at 25 degrees C for three weeks. At 20, 30, and 35 degrees C, aflatoxin levels were 0.30 to 0.56, 0.37 to 1.20, and 0.26 to 0.65 micrograms/g, respectively. The lowest concentration of aflatoxin ...

The physiological effects of DL-ethionine and related methionine analogs upon cellular protein synthesis and methyl group transfer to aflatoxin B1 in Aspergillus parasiticus were examined in growing and resting cell systems. The addition of DL-ethionine (0.02 M) to growing mycelia inhibits cellular growth some 37% after 120 h of development. Addition of ethionine before 50 h prevents any aflato...

In order to study the contamination of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production in pistachio cultivars in the Semnan province, eight cultivars of pistachio were collected from major pistachio growing areas. Using the serial dilution method, ground pistachio kernels were inoculated on plates containing AFPA medium and incubated at 28° C. This experiment was performed using three replications ...

Twelve forms of human hepatic cytochrome P450 were expressed in hepatoma cells by means of recombinant vaccinia viruses. The expressed P450s were analyzed for their abilities to activate the potent hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 to metabolites having mutagenic or DNA-binding properties. Five forms, P450s IA2, IIA3, IIB7, IIIA3, and IIIA4, activated aflatoxin B1 to mutagenic metabolites as assess...

Butylated hydroxytoluene pretreatment in the rat enhanced the total in vitro metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by the hepatic postmitochondrial fraction (S-9) and increased the formation of aflatoxin M1, aflatoxin Q1 and a metabolite tentatively identified as the aflatoxin-glutathione conjugate, the latter being the major metabolite produced. Addition of diethyl maleate, a glutathione depletor, to the...

background: recently, some new nanobiosensors using different nanoparticles or microarray systems for detection of mycotoxins have been designed . however, rapid, sensitive and early detection of aflatoxicosis would be very helpful to distinguish high-risk persons.objectives: we report a highly sensitive competitive immunoassay using magnetic/silica core shell as a signal intensifier for the de...