Since the Middle Ages, citrus essential oils (EOs) have been widely used for their bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, antiparasitical, insecticidal, medicinal and cosmetic proprieties. Also nowadays, they find important applications in pharmaceutical, sanitary, cosmetic, agricultural and food industries. The best method to extract EOs from citrus plant tissue is steam distillation because of ...

The rate and extent of warming, along with impacts on rainfall distributions, are key determinants of agricultural impacts and will affect the success of adaptation strategies. The likely gradual unfolding of climate change should provide farmers in many regions and industries with sufficient time to utilise or develop adaptation strategies. Many of these strategies are likely to be based on fa...

Blown Film Extrusion is the primary technology used to make plastic films especially for the packaging industry. Its machines produce protective films used in many industries including food and pharmaceuticals – that extend product shelf life and improve consumer appeal. Products such as trash bags, frozen food packaging, shrink wrap, stretch film labeling, form, fill and seal packaging, medica...

J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 88, E-Suppl. 2/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 93, E-Suppl. 1/Poult. Sci. Vol. 89, E-Suppl. 1 146 Effect of fat source and levels, with lysophospholipids, on broiler performance, fatty acid digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy content in feed. B. K. Zhang*1, H. T. Li2, Y. M. Guo1, and D. Q. Zhao1, 1China Agricultural University, Beijing, China, 2Kemin Industries Co. Ltd, Zhuhai...

Solid state fermentation (SSF) is a bioconversion process by microorganism and enzymes. It effectively depolymerizes the cellulose, ligno cellulose present in the agricultural produces, cereals and biomas. It also enriches protein, colour, antioxidant activity, modification of functional properties of cereals. Solid state fermentation provides wide range of application in food and bio processin...

Barnett and Morse’ examined the economics of natural resource availability using data on capital, labour and output for the USA between 1870 and 1957. They tested the hypothesis that the scarcity of natural resources was increasing by examining the trend of unit cost of extractive products in the agricultural, mineral, forestry and fishing industries. Working in terms of index numbers they defi...

Aromatic azaheterocycles are key components in a large number of bioactive molecules. In particular, the electron-deficient pyrazine nucleus is present in small molecule drugs which exhibited antitumoral, antiviral, and enzyme inhibitory activities, 15 among others. Besides, the fragrance and agricultural industries take advantage of the pyrazine core. On the other hand, gold complexes continue...

Biotechnology is a new technique for industries and specialists and is making astounding progress. Advances in biotechnology are so rapid that many things are now possible, which, even a few years ago, would have seemed unimaginable.2 It is a type of genetic engineering in medical and veterinary research resulting in modified productions and improved animal breeds.3 It is the use of microorgani...

This paper describes simulated scenarios for power plant construction in the western United States. The simulations show construction lagging behind the growth in demand, allowing prices to climb to surprisingly high values during the years 2000 and 2001. When construction is completed, new power plants come on line in great number, allowing market prices to fall surprisingly rapidly in the yea...