Airway responsiveness is exaggerated in infancy and declines with maturation. These age-related differences (R.S. Tepper, T. Du, A. Styhler, M. Ludwig, and J.G. Martin. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 151: 836-840, 1995; R.S. Tepper, S.J. Gunst, C.M. Doerschuk, Y. Shen, and W. Bray. J. Appl. Physiol. 78: 505-512, 1995; R.S. Tepper, J. Stevens, and H. Eigen. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 149: 67...

Author’s response: Dysfunction of small airways and prevalence, airway responsiveness and inflammation in asthma: much more than small particle size of pet animal allergens Antonios Patelis To cite this article: Antonios Patelis (2016) Author’s response: Dysfunction of small airways and prevalence, airway responsiveness and inflammation in asthma: much more than small particle size of pet anima...

Increased diurnal variation of expiratory flow rates has been documented in patients with chronic bronchitis, but this could be secondary to the disease process of bronchitis rather than an associated disease--namely, asthma. Peak expiratory flow was measured twice daily before and after inhalation of 200 micrograms salbutamol in 34 subjects with chronic bronchitis. The FEV1 ranged from 38% to ...

AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS is a defining characteristic of asthma, and airway smooth muscle function is a critical determinant of this airway responsiveness (7). Current therapies that target airway smooth muscle function in asthma, shortand long-acting bronchodilators, induce relaxation of smooth muscle; their major mode of action targets a symptom, not disease pathogenesis. Other therapies us...

BACKGROUND The interactions between airway responsiveness, structural remodelling and inflammation in allergic asthma remain poorly understood. Prolonged challenge with inhaled allergen is necessary to replicate many of the features of airway wall remodelling in mice. In both mice and humans, genetic differences can have a profound influence on allergy, inflammation, airway responsiveness and s...

Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways associated with increased airway responsiveness and airway remodeling. Several genome wide association studies (GWAS) and non-GWAS studies have demonstrated a strong genetic linkage of chromosome 17q21 genes with asthma in populations of diverse ethnic backgrounds. In particular, SNPs in the 17q21 region are found within a large linkage disequil...

BACKGROUND Few studies have compared treatment strategies in patients with asthma poorly controlled on low dose inhaled corticosteroids, and little is known about the effects of different treatments on airway inflammation. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study, we compared the effects of salmeterol plus fluticasone propionate (FP) (Seretide; SFC) and FP plus montelukast...

Airway epithelial cells express beta(2)-adrenergic receptors (beta(2)-ARs), but their role in regulating airway responsiveness is unclear. With the Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) promoter, we targeted expression of beta(2)-ARs to airway epithelium of transgenic (CCSP-beta(2)-AR) mice, thereby mimicking agonist activation of receptors only in these cells. In situ hybridization confirmed tha...

Exposure to ozone (O3) induces airway hyperresponsiveness mediated partly through the release of substance P (SP) from nerve terminals in the airway wall. Although substantial evidence suggests that SP is released by sensory nerves, SP is also present in neurons of airway ganglia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of intrinsic airway neurons in O3-enhanced airway responsiven...